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Chpt 8 gedney
The german confederation anda the austrian empire 1815-1848 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| German Confederation | Also known as the Bund. The alliance of German states, under the presidency of the Austrian Emperor, established in 1815 to guarantee the security of its members in the aftermath of the Napoleonic wars. |
| French Revolution/'liberal' ideas | The French Revolution, which had broken out in 1789, had challenged the idea of monarchy and traditional ways of governing. It had spread the message of liberty and equality. Nationalism was not a direct theme of the revolution. |
| Diet | A council representing all the different States of Germany. Its members were chosen by the rules of the States. At the Congress of Vienna it was decided that the German Confederation was to be controlled by a central ___ with an Austrian President. |
| Court intrigue | underhand plotting or scheming by those close to the Emperor. In Austria, Metternich was subject the the Emperors whims and this. |
| Liberalism | spread by the french revolution, encouraged personal and economic freedom. Term came to imply resistance to autocratic rule and supporters favored govt by an elected, representative assembly. |
| slav | the peoples of eastern Europe who speak a slavonic language. The austrian empire was made up of 45% of ____ races. Czechs, Poles, Ruthenians, Croats, Serbs, Slovenes, and Slovaks. |
| Holy Roman Emperor | In the middle ages, the holy roman emperor was regarded as having authority from God to rule over large parts of Europe. However, by the 15th cent, the empire had been reduced to the states of Germany and the Habsburg family ruled. |
| Enlightened despots | these were rulers who maintained there complete power in theory, b ut in practice allowed some liberal reforms. Empress Maria Theresa and her son Emperor Joseph II. Imperial rule had been reformed by these individuals. |
| Provincial diets | local government in the Austrian Empire was in the hands of the local representative councils. These usually consisted of, and were chosen by, members of the nobility. |
| Sinking fund | Used to combat Austrian bankruptcy and borrowing $. Interest had also to be paid to the people who had loaned the money. independent body. used govt $ to buy back stock that had been issued to borrow $. repeat. |
| budgets-deficit | intended to ensure that income matched or exceeded expenditure. If there was a deficit, income was less than expenditure. |
| Rothschilds | Baron James de __ was the founded of the _ banking house in Paris. His father, supervised the fam business in Frankfurt while his bro, Nathan, ran a branch in London. The grew wealthy therefore Count Franz Kolowatz and the govt had to borrow. |
| Rickets | a disease that children sometimes get when their food does not contain enough vit D. It makes their bones soft, and causes their liver and spleen to become too large. Ferdinand I suffered from this |
| Epilepsy | a disease that causes a person to suddenly lose consciousness and have violent fits. |
| Federal Act | created a federation of states in which decisions about foreign policy and defence would be taken by the central govt, while the individual states had control over internal policies. made clear the independence and integrity to be maintained. GC |
| Junker Class | the landowning aristocracy which also controlled the Prussian army and provided the Emperor with a host of able officials. Ruled in conjunction with Friedrich-Wilhelm III of Prussia. |
| tenant farmers | people who each rent a plot of land from a landowner. in economic prosperity, some peasants 'graduated' to this. |
| guilds | in medieval times these controlled the various trades in towns providing rules for apprenticeship and establishing standards of quality. by 19th cent, had become restrictive and damaging to the growth of industry. |
| Serfdom | Prussia abolished this by 1805. Serfs were peasants who were allowed to farm land form themselves in return for work for their lords or, in some cases, a money payment. Personal freedoms were restricted. Could not leave, marry or inherit w/o lords consent |
| Zollverein | an area in which no taxes were charged on movement of goods. Created need for Maassen's Tariff Reform Act which create this led by Prussia, to protect fromt threat of foreign imports. |
| Magyar | The hungarian language and culture. |
| suspended animation | a period of time during which people appear to be expecting something to happen, but it never does.56 years of this before revolution in the habsburg monarchy. |
| representative govt | a form of govt in which an assembly elected by the people makes decisions. |
| French Legal Codes | french law was rewritten in the time of Napoleon, to take account of the changes made during the Revolution. This was the law applied in the states controlled by France as a result of the Napoleonic conquests. Right of everyone to personal freedoms.feudal |
| nation state | a state formed from a distinctive racial group with a shared language or culture.Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel argued that by membership, only a man could be fulfilled. |
| luters 95 theses | officially celebrated at wartburg festival |
| treason | to take action against your own country. Traditionally regarded as one of the worst crimes a person can commit.Demands for reform were treated as this GC |
| Young Germany | in Marseilles Giuseppe Mazzini founded young italy , this is an offshoot. in april 1833, armed, they tried to enter the Diet at Frankfurt to voice their views. |
| Brothers Grimm | along with seven other professors, dared to criticize Ernest Augustus' suppression of the Honoverian constitution in 1837.Involved in L&N |
| protectionism | tariff or customs barriers to prevent or reduce foreign goods entering the country. This allows native producers t o sell their products without competitioin. Austria, refusing to join the Zollverein, preferred this to free trate. |
| Reactionary | literally means reacting against new ideas. Refers to those who are backward looking and hostile to change. Despite ___ politics, Prussia was seen as a potential leader of a united Germany |
| anti-semitism | against jews or jewish religion, which developed in the 1840s among some radical middle class people. |
| potato blight | in 1845, potato crop failed. A disease caused by parasites, which destroys crops, broke out in 1846 |
Created by:
esterohigh
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