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Gas transport CJ

Gsa Transport by the blood

QuestionAnswer
Dissolved oxygen accounts for ___ml O2/100ml of blood .3ml
Dissolved oxygen supplies how many ml per minute of O2 90ml
Hemoglobin accounts for ___ml O2/100ml of blood 20.8ml
The majority of O2 is found Bound to hemoglobin
Hemoglobin increases the amount of O2 in the blood for the same Po2
Po2 in plasma is 100
Function of hemoglobin To increase the 02 in the blood at the same Po2
Explain why the plateu on the O2 dissociation curve is useful in the lungs If the alveolar Po2 were to drop from 100 to 60, the saturation of hemoglobin would remain the same. This is good for storage of O2 in hemoglobin in the lungs
Explain why the "steep region" on the O2 dissociation curve is useful in peripheral tissues The Hb saturation drops dramatically for low Po2 values (such as in tissues) and the Hb releases the O2 to the tissue
The Hb saturation curve is a measure of Percent of Hb saturation, does not include dissolved oxygen or Hb levels
The blood O2 content curve is a measure of Total O2, both bound to Hb and dissolved
In an anemic patient (decreased Hb) the Hb saturation curve would appear Normal because the Hb is still saturated but there is just less Hb (so the percentage remains the same)
In an anemic patient (decreased Hb) the total O2 content curve would appear Vastly reduced
In carbon monoxide poisoning, the Hb saturation curve will appear Normal because CO binds readily to Hb, keeping the saturation percentage high
In carbon monoxide poisoning, the Oxyhemogblobin level is Extremely low because CO outcompetes O2 for Hb spots
In CO poisoning, Po2 levels will appear Normal
A right shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve is know as the ___ effect Bohr
A right shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve is a result of Lower Hb saturation for a given Po2, meaning Hb will give up oxygen more readily
A left shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve is a result of Higher Hb saturation for a given Po2, meaning Hb will hold on to oxygen more readily
A left shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve is useful in what environment? High altitude (because you have a lover Po2)
A right shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve is useful in what circumstance? Exercise because you want to be able to readily supply tissues with oxygen
A left shift in the HbO2 dissociation curve can be caused by Decreased H+, Decreased PCO2 and decreased red cell metabolism products
What is P50 Pressure of O2 when 50% of the Hb is saturated
Normal P50 value 27 mmHg
P50 for a patient at high altitude would be Lower than 27 mmHg
P50 for a patient exercising would be Greater than 27 mmHg
P50 for a patient with Carbon Monoxide poisoning would be Less than 27 mmHg
Why is the O2 dissociation cure slightly right-shifted in venous blood? Because venous blood contains more CO2 and is more acidic than arterial blood, leaving less room for O2 saturation
What is the O2 saturation percent in arterial blood 97.5%
What is the O2 saturation percent in venous blood 75% (due to increased CO2)
What is the P02 in arterial blood 100 mmHg
What is the PO2 in venous blood 40 mmHg
Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in three forms. They are Bicarb (60%), Dissolved (10%) and Carbamino (30%- Co2+Hb)
The HbCO dissociation curve has a __ saturation at a lower PO2 Higher
Carboxyhemoglobin does what to the PO2 Nothing
Carboxyhemoglobin has what effect on Hb saturation None
Carboxyhemoglobin has what effect on O2 content Dramatically decreased
Why are red blood cells the main facilitator of CO2 transport? (2 reasons) RBC contain the enzyme carbonic anyhydrase that converts CO2 into bicarb for CO2 transport. In addition, RBC contain hemoglobin which is the main carbamino compound in the blood (for CO2 transport)
How does the CO2 dissociation curve compare to the O2 dissociation curve? The CO2 dissociation curve is more linear and steeper (no plateau)
Explain the significance of the CO2 dissociation curve being more linear This means that a very small change in PCO2 can result in large changes in the CO2 content in the blood. This small difference can unload a large amount of CO2 in the lungs
What does the Haldane effect do in the lungs and periphery to O2 and Co2 As blood unloads 02 in the periphery, it can take up lots of CO2. Conversely, in the lungs, oxygenation of the blood helps to unload the CO2 from the blood.
Oxygenation in the lungs does what to CO2 Unloads
Deoxygenation in the tissues does what to CO2 Loads
Explain the Haldane effect Deoxygenated Hb binds to CO2 to form carbamino compounds that "mop up" H+ ions produced in the conversion of CO2 to bicarb. This in turn facilitates the production of more bicarb. This facilitates more CO2 transport when O2 levels are low.
Equation to determine blood pH from bicarb and CO2 concentrations pH= 6.1+ log [HCO3-]/[CO2]
Normal bicarb level in blood with pH level 7.4 24 mEq/L
Normal CO2 level in blood with pH level 7.4 1.2 mmol/L
Blood pH will be equal to 7.4 as long as the [HCO3-]:[CO2] is equal to 20
Respiratory acidosis Low pH, High PCO2
Respiratory alkalosis High pH, Low PCO2
Metabolic acidosis Low pH, Low Bicarb
Metabolic alkalosis High pH, high Bicarb
Respiratory acidosis and alkalosis cause ___ compensation Renal, Kidneys produce bicarb
Compensation for Metabolic alkalosis is Hypoventilation
A full compensation for metabolic alkalosis would cause Hypoxia
Compensation for metabolic acidosis is Hyperventilation
Do you get a full compensation for metabolic alkalosis? No
Why does hyperventilation reduce arterial PCO2 but not help with the O2 content in the blood Because O2 saturation is already at 100% but changes in CO2 produce more significant effects (think O2 dissociation curve v CO2 dissociation curve)
Treatment for CO poisoning Hyperbaric chamber to increase amount of dissolved O2 and to force CO off of Hb by increasing the competition with increase 02
How does carboxyhemoglobin affect the oxygen dissociation curve? Shifts it to the left, higher saturation rate at lower PO2 levels causing the Hb to hold on to O2 more readily (BAD!)
Normal Arterial O2 value 21.1 ml O2/100 ml of blood
Created by: mcasto
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