Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
COPD TBL
Foundations of Osteopathic Medicine Ch. 59
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| First goal in a patient presenting with dyspnea | Stablize both respiratory and hemodynamics |
| Initial workup for dyspnea includes | Chest xray, EKG, arterial blood gas, complete blood count and differential, serum electrolytes, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen |
| Differential for dyspnea | COPD, Brochiectasis, Pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, congestive heart failure |
| COPD xray and blood results | Hyperinflation of the lungs and increased leukocytosis |
| Work of breathing | The definable amount of energy required to produce a negative intrathoracic pressure |
| Hyperinflation of the lungs places the muscles at risk of | Fatigue |
| Compliance | Ease with which tissues are stretched during inhalation |
| Recoil | The elastic ability of the lung parenchyma to passively contract during exhalation (affected by parenchyma) |
| Total thoracic compliance includes | Lung tissue and chest wall |
| Emphysema | When adjacent alveoli sacs coalesce forming larger tertiary spaces, resulting in less area available for gas exchange |
| Muscle hypertropy can alter the biomechanics and cause | Somatic dysfunction |
| Respiratory dysfunction leads to | Reduces compliance of the bony thorax, alters respiratory biomechanics and increases work of breathing |
| Lung disease often presents with Somatic dysfunction in the | Thoracic spine and ribs |
| Reducing the work of breathing during exercise has been shown to | Improve exercise tolerance of chronic lung patients |
| Improving thoracic compliance will reduce respiratory muscle workload and may decrease the likelihood of | Fatigue in both acute and chronic lung disease conditions |
| Barrel chest does what to respiratory muscles? | Prevents muscles during inspiration from returning to their full resting length during exhalation |
| Muscles receive most of their blood during | Their resting or diastolic phase |
| Increasing tone during contraction leads to | Increased pressure within the muscle which shunts blood away from arterioles |
| Muscles operating on anaerobic respiration are how many times less productive | 15 times |
| Increased muscle tone can be identified on a physical exam by | Increased muscle tone, tenderness or bogginess |
| OMT in respiratory disease is aimed at | Increasing length and decreasing resting tone |
| Restoration of the length and vertical orientation of the diaphragm is known as | Doming the diaphragm |
| Low pressure circulatory system | Gradients maintained by the cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar and pelvic diaphragms that aid in fluid movement through the venous and lymphatic systems |
| The thoracic duct empties into the | Junction of the internal jugular and brachiocephalic vein |
| 35-60% of the thoracic duct drainage is in response to | Respiratory movements |
| All initial lymphatics have anchoring filaments and will therefor respond significantly to | Respiratory movements to the degree at which they occur in the area |
| Restoring a greater excursion of the thorax will improve the body's ability to move | Lymph, which leads to an increase in local drainage, and increase in delivery of antigen and an increased transport of antibiotics |
| Cranial nerve involved with bronchospasm and mucous production | Vagus |
| Vagal reflex somatic dysfunction is found most often in | C2, occiupitomastoid suture, or cranial base |
| Sensory ganglion of the vagus nerve is located | Within the jugular foramen adjacent to the occipitomastoid suture |
| Significant treatment areas for asthma patients | Right T4-5 and right 4th/5th ribs |
| Pneumonia is often accompanied by (Somatic dysfunction) | A local reduction in rib excursion (leading to barrel chest) |
| Barrel chest is most likely due to the innervation in the | Parietal pleura |
| Bronchitis somatic dysfunction and innervation | T1-T5, Sympathetic innervation |
| Malnutrition common in COPD | Protein/Caloric |
| Shortness of breath and cost of medication can lead to high | Stress |
| Most important behavioral change in COPD | Stop smoking |
| First target of OMT in respiratory patients | Ribs, thoracic spine and diaphragm to reduce mechanical restrictions |
| Second target of OMG in respiratory patients | Autonomic nervous system, start with indirect and go to direct |
| Follow-up time for OMT in respiratory patients | 1-4 months |
Created by:
mcasto
Popular Medical sets