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Asthma/COPD drugs
Drugs to treat asthma/COPD, Maloney, 1/11/2013
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Immediate goal in treating an asthma attack | Bronchodilation |
| Acetylcholine is released by the ____ | Parasympathetics |
| Acetylcholine binds to which receptor | M3 which causes bronchoconstriction |
| Most potent bronchoconstrictors in the body | Leukotrienes |
| Are Antihistamines effective for asthma? | No |
| First line drug for immediate treatment of acute asthma attack | Short acting beta agonist |
| Short acting beta2 agonists | Metaproterenol, Albuterol, Levalbuterol, Pirbuterol, Terbutaline |
| Long acting beta2 agonists | Salmeterol, Formoterol, Arformoterol |
| Albuterol works how quickly? | 3-5 minutes |
| Why use a SABA instead of a LABA for an asthma attack | You want your drug to work immediately so you don't die |
| Side effects of B2 agonist | Tachycardia, increased glucose levels, hypokalemia, tremors, NO urinary incontinence |
| Why do B2 agonists cause tachycardia? | Reflex due to vasodilation and the beta2 has some affinity for the beta1 receptors on the heart causing increased heart rate |
| Why do B2 agonists cause hypokalemia | Skeletal muscles beta2 receptors causes cells to take in potassium |
| Why do B2 agonists cause Tremors? | Beta2 receptors on skeletal muscles cause tremors |
| Why doesn'y a B2 agonist cause urinary incontinence? | The beta2 receptors in the bladder are found on the detrusor muscle. A beta2 agonist will cause the detrusor to relax which will hold in urine |
| Antcholinergics (muscarinic blockers)for Asthma | Ipratropium bromide (inhaled and short acting) |
| What drug is given for actue exacerbation asthma if patient is not controlled well with SABA alone or cannot tolerate SABAists? | Iptratropium brominde (add onto SABA or as 2nd line treatment) |
| Why does ipratropium have less side effects than atropine? | Ipratroprium is charges which prevents it from crossing membranes and is far less systemically absorbed than atropine |
| Will SABA or Ipratropium stop inflammation in asthma? | No way! |
| What is given to treat inflammation in asthma? | Oral systemic Corticosteroids to speed recovery and prevent recurrence |
| Oral systemic corticosteroids | Prednisone, Prednisolone, Methylprednisolone |
| Prophylactic treatment for exercise induced asthma? | Albuterol 10-15 minutes before |
| Best way to minimize steroid side effects with asthma? | Give via inhalation |
| Persistent asthmatics must be given a | Corticosteroid |
| Inhaled corticosteroids | Beclomethasone, Fluticasone, Triamcinolone, Flunisolide, Budesonide, Ciclesonide, Mometason |
| Will a corticosteroid dilate constricted airways in people with asthma or COPD | No, they are not bronchodilators. The only get rid of inflammation |
| Inhaled Corticosteroids adverse effects | Oral candidaisis (steroids are immunosupressants), unpleasant taste, dysphonia, relfex cough and bronchospasm |
| How can you reduce corticosteroid adverse effects | Use a spacer, Swish and spit, give a short acting beta2 agonist before to prevent bronchospasm |
Created by:
mcasto
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