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Chapter 8 AP World

Islam

QuestionAnswer
Ulama Muslim religious scholars. Primary interpreters of Islamic law.
Hadith A tradition relating the words or deeds of the prophet Muhammad; next to the Qur'an the most important basis for islamic law.
Caliphate Office established in succession to the prophet Muhammad. Used to rule the Islamic empire. Also the name of the empire.
Madrasa Type of religious college that gained popularity outside of Iran.
Medina City in west Arabia to which the prophet Muhammad emigrated/fled along with his followers.
Sufi Brotherhood Mystic group. Conducted rituals and caused their rituals and practices to spread throughout cities. This caused the first geographically extensive Islamic religious organizations to develop.
Sunnis One who follows the ways and customs of Muhammad. Specifically those who believe authority is passed through consciousnesses.
Shi'ites From the Arabic "party" which believed that the authority passed from the prophet Muhammad through his descendants.
Mecca City in west Arabia. Birth place of Muhammad. Ritual center. Significant and active trading city.
Sultan A ruler who claims power without reliance on a stronger power or the Caliphate as a whole.
Umma The entire community of Muslims.
Mosk Islamic place of worship.
Ka'ba Square building in Mecca believed by Muslims to be the house of Abraham, erected for god and the focus of Muslim worship.
Islam Religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad.
"night of power and excellence" The night when Muhammad had a vision in a cave of the angel Gabriel visiting him and telling him to submit to the will of god.
The Five Pillars of Islam (in order) 1. There is only one god and Muhammad is his messenger 2.Pray 5 times a day 3.Fast during the holy month of Ramazan 4.Pay alms (charity) 5.Make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your lifetime.
Hijrah The Hijra (hijrah), also Hijrat or Hegira, is the migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina between June 21st and July 2nd in 622 CE. Went down in history as the beginning of the Muslim calender.
Qur'an Islamic/Muslim holy book.
"people of the Book" A term used to designate non-Muslims who were adherent to other religions such as Christianity and Judaism.
Manichean One who believes in the manichean religion which states that there is an ongoing cosmic struggle between the good spiritual world and the bad dark material world.
Shari'a Deals with moral code and Islamic law. Including crime, politics, and economics.
Khalifa (Caliph) The head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the ruler of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah
Jinns They have intellect, freedom and power to choose between right and wrong. These characteristics suit the need for them to worship God. Created by Alah.
Shitans Negative. Go to eternal damnation.
Created by: 1436176726
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