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klyn skylls CV KTK
History taking and physical exam of the CV system-Katie Kaye
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tall and skinny people have a heart that is more | Medial and vertical |
| Sounds of the heart are caused by | Valves closing |
| Do valves opening make sound? | No |
| Sounds of S1 are made by | AV valves closing |
| Sounds of S2 are made by | Semilunar valves closing |
| Cardiac output increases in Pregnant women what %% | 30-40% |
| Why ask about safety of relationship in SHORES for CV? | Stress is a huge risk factor and relationships are stressful!! |
| Family history of MI starts at what age? | before 45 in males and 55 in females |
| Orthopnea | Shortness of breath while laying down |
| Cardiac Risk factors | Gender, Family history, Age, Uncontrolled hyperlipidemia, SMOKING, haveing poorly controlled Diabetes Mellitus |
| First thing to do when inspecting | Make sure the patient is stable |
| Apical impulse is located | 5th intercostal space in midclavicular line |
| What to palpate in CV exam | Precordium, PMI (heaves and thrills) and pulses |
| Sympathetic levels for the heart | T1-T5 |
| If your patient can point with one finger to the pain, it is most likely | Musculoskeletal in origin |
| Pressure to use when using bell | light pressure |
| 5 sites for cardiac auscultation | Aortic, Pulmonic, Erb's point, Tricuspid, Mitral |
| S4 is always pathological and represents a failing | left ventricle |
| An S3 sound is caused by | An increase in blood volume |
| Grade 1 Murmur | Very faint, requires "tuning in" |
| Grade 2 Murmur | Quiet but same as S1 and S2 |
| Grade 3 Murmur | Reasonably Loud |
| Grade 4 Murmur | Reasonable loud and palpable thrill |
| Grade 5 Murmur | Loud and thrill and may be hear when stethoscope partly off chest |
| Grade 6 Murmur | Very loud and thrill. May not even require a stethoscope to hear |
| Pathologic Murmur | Murmur due to valvular abnormalities and causes clinical symptoms |
| Innocent Murmur | Non-pathologic and associated with normal heart sounds |
| Benign Murmur | Due to valvular abnormalities but does not cause clinical symptoms |
| Janeway Lesions and Osler Nodes | Associated with Bacterial Endocarditis |
| Aortic Regurgitation | An insufficiency of the aortic valve. Presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. Patient will have a water hammer pulse.Diastolic murmor |
| Mitral stenosis | An abnormal narrowing of the mitral valve. History of Rhematic fever/strep. Enhanced by laying patient in left lateral decubitus. Diastolic murmur |
| Claudication | Pain induced by exercise |
| Bruits suggest | Atherosclerotic narrowing |
| Sound in bruits is equal to a pathology. t/f? | False |
| 6 P's of arterial occlusion | Pallor, Pulselessness, Poikilothermia, Pain, Paresthesia, Paralysis |
Created by:
mcasto
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