Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
WH midterm rchs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The practice of cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock (farming) | Agriculture |
| The scientific study of material remains of past human life (as relics or artifacts) | Archaeology |
| Something created by humans usually for a practical purpose | Artifact |
| Period of anceient human culture characterized by the use of bronze (mix of copper and tin) that began between 4000 and 3000 BCE and ended with the advent of the iron age | Bronze Age |
| Mix of copper and tin | Bronze |
| came before the iron age | bronze age |
| determination of the age of an object by measuring the amount of carbon 14 it contains | C14 methaod or carbon dating |
| Member of a division of the early Indo-European peoples distributed fromteh british isles and Spain to Asia minor | Celt |
| THe stage of cultural development at which writing and record keeping is attained | civilization |
| in wedge-shaped characters, first used by sumer | Cuneiform |
| Museum employee who collects, studies, interprets, and displays a museum's collection | curator |
| the science of dating events or variations in environment by study of growth rings in trees | Dendrochronology |
| to adapt an animal or plant to the advantage of humans | domesitication |
| member of the priestly class in great britain, france, and possibly othe rparts of celtic europe during the iron age | druid |
| When did druids live | iron age |
| best known ruler of babylon (reigning c. 1792-50BCE), noted for his surviving set of laws | Hammurabi |
| earlies known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent near the Indus (now pakistan) | harappa |
| charaters used in a system of pictorial writing, particularly in Ancient Egypt | Heiroglyphs |
| family of languages spoken in most of europe and in much of Southwest and south asia | Indo-European languages |
| greek word meaning between rivers | Mesopotamia |
| the land between the tigris and euphrates | mesopotamia |
| major wind system that seasonally reverses its direction | monsoon |
| the shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture (c.8000BCE) | neolithic revolution |
| ruler (divine king) of Ancient Egypt | pharaoh |
| period of time that refers to events or objects that date before the written record existed | prehistory |
| a massive memorial with a square base and four triangular sides | pyramids |
| HOw many sides does a pyramid have? | four |
| something that has survived from the past, such as an object, fragment, or custom | relic |
| seomthing kept as a rememberance or treasured for its past associations; keepsake | relic |
| in christianity; body part of a saint or something associated with a saint | relic |
| the most widespread modern members of this language famrly are arabic and hebrew | Semitic languages |
| second chinese dynasty (bronze castings and oracle bones) | shang dynasty |
| a group of ancient city-states; the earliest civilization in Mesopotamia | Sumer/ Sumerians |
| a situation in which quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded | Surplus |
| an important early christian teacher or pioneering missionary | apostle |
| the christian scriptures (writings), consisting of Old testament (the Jewish torah) and New testaments | bible |
| What part of the bible is equal to the Jewish torah? | old testament |
| What are the two parts of the bible? | old testament and new testament |
| the reform of the Church of Rome in the 16th and 17th centuries which was stimulated by Protestant reformation | counter reformation |
| a medieval miltary expedition, one of a series made by Europeans to recover the holy land from the muslims | crusade |
| any of the christian churches originating in Eastern Europe and the Middle East | Eastern Orthodox Church |
| differences over this doctorine (relationship between the father, son and the holy ghost) have been and remain the primary causes of schism between western and eastern orthodox churches | filioque |
| dominant social systems in medival Europe, in which thte nobility held lands from the crown in exchange for military service, while the serfs had to live on their lord's land and give them labor and a share of the produce | feudalism |
| a style of architecture that spread throughout europe between the 12th and 16th centuries | gothic architecture |
| german printer, was the first in the west to print using movalbe type and was the first to use a press | Gutenberg (Johannes) |
| were sold by the church in medieval europe, and supposedly, absolved one of past sins or released one from purgatory (hell) after death | indulgences |
| german protestant theologian, principal figure of the German reformation, He also translated the bible. | Luther (Martin) |
| the head of the orthodox church | patriarch |
| the head of the Roman catholic church | Pope |
| a place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven | purgatory |
| the largest christian church, dominant particularly in south america and southern europe, acknowledges the pope as its head | Roman catholic church |
| where is the roman catholic church most dominant? | south america and southern europe |
| centuries long period in the middle ages in which several christian kingdoms succeeded in reconquering the iberian peninsula from the islamic kingdoms | reconquista |
| a 16th century movement for the reform of abuses in the Roman Church ending in the establishment of the Reformed and Protestant churches | reformation |
| a style of architecture that prevailed in Europ (900-1200) | romanesque architecture |
| the formal separation of a church into two churches | schism |
| an agricultural laborer bound by the feudal systme who was tied to working on his lord's estate | serfs |
| relating to a much earlier, often more primitive period | archaic |
| a city-state of ancient greece | polis |
| an absolute ruler unrestrained by law or constitution | tyrant |
| many greek city-states had forms of government in which the free adult males took a direct part int he management of the affairs of state, such as declaring war or dispatching diplomatic missions | greek diplomacy |
| prominant city-state in ancient Greece that emerged as the dominant miltitary land-power | sparta |
| the offering of food, objects, or the lives of animals to a higher purpose or to the gods | sacrifice |
| green historian who lived in the fifth century BC | herodotus |
| primanent and influential greek statesman and general of Athens during the city's golden age | Pericles |
| the period which followed the conquest of Alexander the great-during this time, greek cultural influence and power was at its zenith in Europe and asia | hellenistic age |
| Young king from Macedon who created one of the largest empires of the ancient world | Alexander the great |
| enterprising maritime trading culture situated in today's lebanon-famous for their ships, the precious purple dye, and for the spread of the alphabet | phoenicians |
| a standard set of letters whihc is used to write one ormore languages based on the general principle that the letters represent phonemes (basic significant sounds) | alphabet |
| basic significant sounds in a language | phonemes |
| the period following the oerthrow of the Roman monarchy (around 500 BCE) headed by two elected consuls and a senate and centered on the principles of a separation of powers | Roman republic |
| the language of ancient Rome and its empire | Latin |
| Sometimes more, sometimes less powerful political instituation during the history of Rome | Roman senate |
| long period of relative peace experienced by the Roman empire in 1st and 2nd centure CE | pax romana |
| Roman general and statesman who played a critical role in the transformation of the Rman Republic into the Roman Empire | Julias Ceaser |
| Firs roman emperor to convert to christianity - he built a new imperial residence at byzantium, which would later be the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire for over 1000 years | Constatine |
| renamed first constantinople and later istanbul; located on the bosporus | byzantium |
| chinese dynasty (1046-256BCE) that followed the Shang dynasty and preceded the Qin dynasty - this period is also known as the feudal period and the for the belief in Mandate of Heaven | Zhou dynasty |
| Put the following dynasties in order: Zhou, Qin, Shang | Shang, Zhou, Qin |
| determines whether an emperor of China is sufficiently virtuous to rule; if he doesn ot fulfill his obligations as emperor, then he loses the Mandate and thus the right to be emperoro | mandate of heaven |
| chinese dynasty (221-207BCE, the central goverment disowned landowning lords and gained the dirrect control fo the masses, allowing fo the construction of ambitious projects | Qin dynasty |
| most famous emperor of hte qin dynasty; passed a serioes of major economic and political reforms; is buried in an immense mausoleum guarded by life-sized terracotta army | Shi Huangdi |
| Who guards the mausoleum for She Huangdi | Terracotta army |
| ethical and philosophical system developed from teh teachings of the chinese philosopher Confucius; the core of its its the belief that human beings are teacheable, improvable, and perfectible. | Confucianism |
| What are the three concepts at the core of Confucianism for humans? | they are teacheable, improvable, and perfectible |
| Politcal philosophy that all people are fundamentally flawed and that stringent laws and harsh punishments are required to keep them in order | legalism |
| Chinese dynasty (221BCE-280CE) often compared to the Roman Empire; to this day, China's majority ethnic group associates itself to this dyansty | Han dynasty |
| What people are the ethnic majority group in china? | Han people |
| Golden age of India (320-550 CE) peace and prosperity creaed under this empire's leadership extensive inventions and discoveries in science, technology, art, and mathematics etc. | Gupta empire |
| after 1000BCE, he Bantu started migrating south and east, absorbing or displacing other peoples and providing most of sub-Sahara aFrica with common cultural identity | Bantu migration |
| word for god in Arabic | allah |
| this term means those who live in the desert, and refers to the camel raising and mostly nomadic tribes | Bedouines |
| The hads of muslim community after the death of prophet Mohammad (like popes, whereas sultans are heads of state, like kings) | caliphs |
| heads of state in muslim community | sultans |
| a shrine located ont eh temple mount in the old city of jerusulem | dome of rock |
| shrine that surrounds the sacred rock on which according to tradition, Abraham prepared to sacrifice his sone Isaac and frm which the prophet Muhammad made his miraculous midnight ascent to heaven | Dome of rock |
| five basic acts in islam, considered obligatory by believers, creed, daily prayers, fasting, almsgiving, pilgrammage | five pillars |
| what are the five pillars? | creed, daily prayers, fasting, almsgiving, and pilgrimmage |
| Of the five pillars the one where you give to the poor or needy | almsgiving |
| Of the five pillars the one that you believe without doubt | creed |
| recorded saying of tradition of the prophet mohammad | hadith |
| pilgrammage to Mecca (one of the pillars) | hajj |
| head covering for muslim women | hijab |
| journey of muhammad and his followers to Medina in 622CE marking the first year of the islamic calandar | hijrah |
| Religious leader of an islamic community who leads the prayer | imam |
| religion based on the Qur'an and hte teachings of the last prophet, Mohammad. | islam |
| word meaning submission to god, obedience, peace, and purity | islam |
| militancy or fundamentalism to the religion using the Qur'an | Islamism |
| (STRUGGLE) is an important religious duty for Muslims, in wetern societies the term is often translated by non_Muslims as "holy war" | jihad |
| the cube-shaped, black building in MEcca toward which Muslims pray | Ka'abah |
| The most holy city of islam | Mecca |
| A tower built onto a mosque frm the top of which the call to prayer is made | Minaret |
| muslim place of worship | Mosque |
| A follower of the religion of islam. | muslim |
| one who submits tot he will of allah | muslim |
| the holy book of islam | Qur'an |
| islamic month of fasting (five pillar) | ramadan |
| word for peace in arabic | salaam |
| a member of a striclty orthodox sunni muslim sect advocating for a return to early islam | salafi |
| islamic law based onthe Qur'an and the Hdiths | Shari'ah |
| largest denomination of islam | sunni |
| a branch of islam who beieves that imam ali (of muhammad's family) and his sons are the fightful successors of muhammad | shi'a (shiites; worhipers) |
| Judaiasm, Christianity, and islam all recognize him a their firt prophet | abraham |
| jews from central and western europe | Ashkenazi |
| declaration that the British favored a Jewish homeland in Palestine | balfour declaration |
| celebration marking a boy or girl coming to maturity, usually at age 13 | bar/bat mitzvah |
| The Promised Land (now israel/lebanon) that was promised to Abraham and his decendents | Canaan |
| What two countries does the promised land occupy? | israel and lebanon |
| is considered religious law in judaism and established tradition in islam to do this to sons where skin is removed | circumcision |
| oath or promise in judaism | covenant |
| eight day festival of lights commemorating the rededication of the Second temple after the Maccabean revolt | Hanukkah |
| semitic language of the jewish people | Hebrew |
| the genocide of jews by the Nazis during world war II | holocaust |
| a member of the people and cultural community whose traditional religion is Judaism adn who trace their origins through the ancient Hebrew people of Israel to abraham | Jews |
| people who trace their ancestory to Abraham | jews |
| earliest monotheistic (one god) religion | Judaism |
| a collective community in which everyone works together in jewish community | Kibbutz |
| food that is seen as pure and acceptable by Jews according to the Torah | kosher |
| seven-branched candlestick that is a symbol of the Jewish people | menorah |
| a messenger of God | prophet |
| ordained Jewish religious teacher or leader | rabbi |
| the seventh day of the week, in which Jews are to rest and do no work | sabbath |
| jews whose ancestors came form Mediterranean countries, such as SPain, Portugal, and North Africa | Sephardic |
| Peace in Hebrew | shalom |
| six pointed symbol that symbolizes Judaism, there is a blue one on the flag of israel | Star of David |
| jewish place of worship | synagogue |
| in the bible, the divine rules of conduct given by god to the prophet of moses on mount sanai | 10 commandments |
| the first of five books of the Jewish bible | Torah/ Pentateuch |
| only remaining part of the second temple of Jerusalem -Jews go there to pray | wailing wall |
| head covering worn by jews | yamulke |
| religous school for jewish students | yeshiva |
| language (similar to German) originated in the Ashkenazi culture | Yiddish |
| solemn holy commemoration of the day of atonement | yom kippur |
| belief that jews must have their tradional homeland | zionism |
| cloak for islam women | chador |
| veil and cloak for islam women | niqab |
| total govering with grill for eyes for Islam women | burka |
| somebody who is not committed to believing in either the existance or the nonexistance of God or a god | agnostic |
| the belief that the existance of individual spirits that inhabit natural objects and phenomena | animism |
| the study of human societies and cultures and their development | anthropology |
| somebody who believes that there is no deity | athesism |
| a building or buildings occupied by a community of nuns living under religious vows | convent |
| a large group of relious congregations united under a common faith and organized under a single heirarchy | denomination |
| a follower or pupil of a teacher, leader or philosopher | disciple |
| a person who opposes official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state | dissident |
| literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion | fundamentalism |
| the deliberate killing of a large group of people in a particular group or culture | genocide |
| a neighborhood set up to be inhabited only by jews; now used to denote a section of a city in which members of any minority group live because of social, legal, or economic pressure | ghetto |
| small, culture-specific or nation specific relgious group | indigenous religion |
| practice of concentrated focus upon a sound, object, visualization, the beath, movement, or attention itself in order to increase awareness of the present moment, reduce stress, promote relaxation, and enhance personal and spiritual growth | meditation |
| What are five goals of meditation? | increase awareness of present moment, reduce stress, promote relaxation, and enhance personal and spirtual growth |
| one who is sent on a journey, especially one sent to do religious or charitable work | missionary |
| one who attempts to persuade others to a particular program, doctorine, or set of principles | missionary |
| a building or building occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows | monastery |
| the doctorine or belief that there is only one god | montheism |
| a follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times | pagan |
| a journey to a place considered to be sacred for relgious purposes | pilgrimage |
| belief in more than one god | polytheism |
| the rebirth of a soul in a new body | reincarnation |
| a relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination | sect |
| denoting attitudes or activities that have no religious or spirtual basis | secular |
| a place regarded as holy because of its associations with a divinity or a sacred person or relic, marked by a building or other construction | shrine |
| belief that the deceased have a continued existance and possess the ability to influnece the fortune of the living | veneration of the dead |
| early monotheistic religion of ancient Persia, founded by Zoroaster | Zoroatstarianism |
Created by:
whames4
Popular World History sets