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Ch 7 India & China
from India's first empire to the Han Dynasty in China
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chandragupta Maurya [7:1] | began Mauryan Empire in India through conquest, then gave up the throne after converting to the Jainism religion |
| Asoka [7:1] | grandson of Chandragupta who expanded the Mauryan Empire before deciding to rule by Buddhist teachings; ordered religious toleration and nonviolence |
| Tamil people [7:1] | located in southern tip of India; were never conquered, spoke Tamil language and society was matriarchal (mother was head of family) |
| Patriarchal [7:1] | society in which the eldest male is head of the family (most of India) |
| bodhisattvas [7:2] | Buddhists who chose to give up nirvana in order to save humanity through good works and sacrifice |
| Mahayana Buddhism [7:2] | branch of Buddhism that became a mass religion offering salvation to all, popular worship, and potential to become a Buddha |
| Theravada Buddhism [7:2] | branch of Buddhism that held on to traditional original teachings of individual discipline and self-denial |
| Hinduism changes [7:2] | in response to popularity of Buddhism, Hinduism evolved into a personal religion that emphasized monotheism, with Brahma, Shiva, and Vishnu as representatives of the divine force |
| Silk Roads [7:2] | caravan routes used by traders to transport goods from China to Western Asia and Rome; Indians became wealthy middlemen of this trade network |
| Sea Trade [7:2] | Indian merchants sailed the oceans trading with Rome, Africa, and Asia |
| Effects of Indian Trade [7:2] | trade led to: 1. rise in banking, 2. spread of Buddhism to China, Hinduism to Nepal and Sri Lanka 3. art and dance to Cambodia and Thailand |
| Liu Bang [7:3] | declared himself the first emperor of the Han Dynasty that ruled China for 400 years |
| Centralized government [7:3] | system of government where central authority controls the running of the state |
| Wudi [7:3] | great-grandson of Liu Bang who was called the "martial emperor" because he expanded Chinese Empire through war, such as Mongolia and Korea |
| Chinese Bureaucracy [7:3] | top-down rule where each level of officials have authority over levels below them |
| civil service [7:3] | government jobs that civilians obtained by passing examinations on Confucianism |
| Han technology [7:3] | paper invented in 105 AD, collar harness for pulling, plow for farming, wheelbarrow and watermills to grind grain |
| Agriculture vs Commerce [7:3] | due to growing population, Confucian scholars considered farming to be the most important and honored occupation, free from land tax |
| monopoly [7:3] | system in which a group or individual has the exclusive means of production of a product such as salt, iron, minting coins, brewing alcohol |
| importance of silk [7:3] | as the value of silk rose with trade, the government tried to keep its production a state secret |
| assimilation [7:3] | the process of making the conquered people a part of Chinese culture by training them in Confucius teachings and intermarrying |
| similarities between the Han and Roman Empires [7:3] | 1. centralized bureaucracy 2. build road and defensive walls 3. conquered other regions 4. ongoing wars with nomads |
Created by:
wm0397
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