Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter Eleven
Chapter 11 Islam and such
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where was Arabia located? | on the Arabian Peninsula |
| Why was the location of Arabia important? | it was mostly pastoral but had oases and mountain valleys that led to some sedentary ag |
| In trading terms where was Arabia located? | on Silk and Sea Roads |
| What impact did trade have on Arabia? | gave cities growth and led to conflict with Med. traders bc of cultural diff. of the Arabs |
| What kind of religion did Arabs have? | worshipped spirits, adopted EO, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism |
| What is the Kaaba? | originally a shrine for early spirits and god |
| Who did the Muslims believe built the Kaaba? | by Ishmael (their ancestor) |
| What did the Kaaba represent in biblical times? | God's house in Heaven |
| Who controlled the Kaaba? | the Quraysh who charged taxes and fees to see it |
| Why was Mecca so famous? | it was were Muhammad was born and were the Kaaba was located |
| What do Islam, Judaism and Christianity have in common? | they are all monotheistic |
| Who is Allah? | the only God, the all powerful Creator |
| As the messenger of God, who did Muhammad present himself as? | in the tradition of the earlier prophets like Abraham, Moses, and Jesus |
| What did Muhammad, Jewish prophets and Jesus have in common? | they demanded social justice and laid out a prescription for its implementation |
| Muhammads life... | born in Mecca, orphaned, became a successful merchant |
| Who was Angel Gabriel? | came to Muhammad and revealed the Quran (the new testament of Allah) |
| Why did Muhammad become a prophet? | God was not happy with the way people had been worshipping & he wanted a pure religion of Abraham. |
| What did Muhammad want Muslims to sacrifice? | no drinking, no idols, no pork and people to submit themselves to God (One God) |
| what does pbuH mean? | Peace be upon Him (every Muslim must say this if they say his name) |
| Muslim means... | one who submits |
| Why did the message of the Quran challenge the tribal and clanstructure of Arab society? | challenged polytheism, but social problems like feuding and violence by the different tribes in Arab society |
| What was the umma? | the just and moral society of Islam, people that beileved the umma were not a territory, language or tribe |
| What did the umma do? | replaced tribal and ethnic or racial identities to show other societies to live right, |
| 1st Pillar of Islam | there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of God |
| 2nd Pillar of Islam | prayer 5 times a day at prescribed times and preformed while facing toward Mecca |
| 3rd Pillar of Islam | believers are required to generously give their wealth to maintain the community and to help the needy |
| 4th Pillar of Islam | Ramadan a month of fasting no food, drink or sexual relations from the first light of dawn to sundown |
| 5th Pillar of Islam | pilgrimage to Mecca (the Hajj) |
| Where do Muslims worship? | a mosque |
| What is the Real Jihad (greater jihad)? | the struggle to live a pure and good life for God |
| What is the Real Jihad sometimes called? | the 6th pillar |
| What is the lesser Jihad (jihad of the sword)? | must defend God against his enemies |
| What does the Quran say about killing? | it is wrong for any reason whether it be killing a Muslim or non Muslim |
| What is the Real Jihad (greater jihad)? | the struggle to live a pure and good life for God |
| What is the Real Jihad sometimes called? | the 6th pillar |
| What is the lesser Jihad (jihad of the sword)? | must defend God against his enemies |
| What does the Quran say about killing? | it is wrong for any reason whether it be killing a Muslim or non Muslim |
| What do Muslims say about other Muslims killing? | if you kill, you are not a Muslim |
| How was the umma different from the traditional tribes of Arab society? | it was supertribe, memebership was a matter of beilef rather than birth allowing it to expand rapidly. |
| Who had all of the religious and political authority? | Muhammad |
| What is usury? | loaning to the poor and charging huge interest rates |
| What was part of the Arabic government and society? | relegious teachers, priests and Islam itself |
| What did they do in the umma? | usury outlawed, taxes removed from markets and mandatory payment to the poor was imposed. |
| There was no distinction between what in Islam? | religious law and civil law |
| What of Jesus' teachings reflected the minority and subordinate status of the Jews within the Roman Empire? | Giving to Caesar what is Caesar's and to God what is God's |
| What civilizations became part of the new Arab state? | became a huge empire encompassing all or part of Egyptian, Roman/Byzantine, Persian, Mesopotamian, and Indian civs |
| What did religion of Judaism and Christianity reflect? | a natural seperation of faith and government |
| Why were Arabs able to construct a huge empire so quickly? | united by single faith (Islam), didnt have alot of internal fighting, good traders |
| Unlike the Buddha or Jesus, Muhammad was also what? | a political and military leader |
| How did Islam defeat Byzantium and Persia? | mainly bc they underestimated Islam |
| What was part of the Arabic government and society? | relegious teachers, priests and Islam itself |
| There was no distinction between what in Islam? | religious law and civil law |
| What civilizations became part of the new Arab state? | became a huge empire encompassing all or part of Egyptian, Roman/Byzantine, Persian, Mesopotamian, and Indian civs |
| Why were Arabs able to construct a huge empire so quickly? | united by single faith (Islam), didnt have alot of internal fighting, good traders |
| How did Islam defeat Byzantium and Persia? | mainly bc they underestimated Islam |
| What were Muslims famous for? | being good traders |
| What did the Arab Empire control? | important trade routes and cities |
| Why did the Arab Empire want to expand? | to protect the umma and to provide righteous gov to the people they conquered |
| How did the Arab Empire spread? | Muhammad had group in Mecca but tribal leaders apposed him, took group and left for Medina (hijrah), returned to Mecca w/ an army to fight tribal leaders which converted the city |
| How was Islam different than Christianity? | it wasnt a persecuted minority religion like Christianity was in the Roman Empire and it didnt seperate Church and state at all |
| What happened when Arab forces reached the Indus river during the Battle of Talas River? | they seized some of the major oases towns of Central Asia. |
| What happened when Arab forces reached Talas River in Kazakhstan? | they crushed the Chinese army which checked China's expansion and showed them China could be defeated |
| What did the Battle of Talas do to the Turkic speaking people? | it allowed them to convert to Islam |
| What does dhimmi mean? | people of the book |
| What did Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians do as dhimmi's | respected, protected the same as Muslims could practice in Muslim countries |
| What is a head tax? | tax for every person who wasnt a Muslim |
| Today, Muslims may only eat meat that is prepared by who? | a dhimmi |
| What were the incentives for the conquered people to claim a Muslim identity? | easy to convert bc Judaism, Christainity and Zorastrianism bc Islam was similar, converts could avoid head tax, had huge and secure arena for trade, aid to social mobility |
| Who were the early Islam converts? | slaves and prisoners of war |
| Islam is equated with what? | success |
| What do Shia and Sunni disagree on? | who should be the caliph (the successor of Muhammad and leader of the Muslims) |
| What did the Shias believe? | The caliphs must be related to Muhammad |
| Who lead the Shia Muslims? | The Imams bc the first 4 caliphs were not related to Muhammad so they didnt trust them |
| What did the Sunnis beleive? | The caliphs doesnt have to be related to Muhammad. |
| Who selected the caliphs for the Sunnis? | the Ulama (religioius scholars and wise men) |
| Who was Abu Bakr? | 1st caliph after Muhammad, wasnt liked by Shias bc he wasnt related to Muhammad (close friend), fought back rebellions and claims of new prophets |
| Who was Uthman and Ali? | Uthman 3rd caliph and Ali 4th caliph they were both assassinated |
| What happened after the rightly Guided Caliphs? | followed by a huge civil war among Muslims |
| Who was the first dynasty after the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs? | the Umayyad (661-750) greatest expansion in empire Very military driven |
| What did the caliphs get from the Umayyads? | power like monarchs |
| Where did the capital move to? | went from Mecca to Damascus, Syria |
| Why did Umayyad provoke growing critcism and unrest? | the Shia viewed the Umayyad as illegitimate usurpers many arabs proteseted the luxurious living of their rulers |
| What does Sharia (Islamic Law) tell Muslims? | Tells them what to do and how to be |
| Who did many Muslims not like? | Sufis who were mystical muslims |
| What was the Abbasid? | 2nd dynasty-even larger empire then the Umayyad |
| What was the Abbasid? | 2nd dynasty-even larger empire then the Umayyad |
| Where did the Abbasid move the capital to? | Baghdad Iraq |
| Where did the Abbasid move the capital to? | Baghdad Iraq |
| What did the Abbasid call the caliph? | the shadow of God on Earth |
| What did the Abbasid call the caliph? | the shadow of God on Earth |
| What did the power of the caliph give way to? | local governers (sultans) who had a lot of influence by Turkish and Persian leaders |
| What did the power of the caliph give way to? | local governers (sultans) who had a lot of influence by Turkish and Persian leaders |
| Who were the Sufis? | mystical muslims and they thought that the worldly success of Islam was a bad thing. renounced the material world |
| Who were the Sufis? | mystical muslims and they thought that the worldly success of Islam was a bad thing. renounced the material world |
| How did the Sufi want to see Allah? | through prayer and mediation didnt see any formal need for gov structure of Islam Music and dance could lead you closer to Allah |
| How did the Sufi want to see Allah? | through prayer and mediation didnt see any formal need for gov structure of Islam Music and dance could lead you closer to Allah |
| How did the Sufis believe you could reach Allah? | by veneration (great respect) of Him or saints |
| In what ways were Sufi Muslims critical of mainstream Islam? | thought Sharia law wasnt enough, thought Quran went so far, thought Ulama were corrupted by interacting with gov and the world |
| What did the Sufis establish? | teachings about the law and correct behavior (useful for daily living, didnt bring the believer to the presence of God) |
| What did the Sufis say? | they would find their own way to God |
| How did the Quran say men and women should be treated? | Equal; it gave restrictions and protections for women |
| What was prohibited of women? | infanticide |
| Characteristics of Muslim women socially... | control of own property, got dowries and inheritance, veiling and seclusion became common and were ultimatrly subordinate to men |
| Characteristics of Muslim women spiritually ? | Shia had mullahs (women faith teachers), gained literacy from Islamic schools, Sufis had women=men in religion |
| What restricted women more than the Quran? | Hadiths (sayings of Muhammad) |
| What did Muslim men do to women that cheated on them or violated sexual norm? | preformed honor killings or female circumcision |
| How were women viewed? | as weak, deficent and "a sexually charged threat to men" |
| What happened when the women violated the "pure family"? | got in big trouble |
| What do India, Anatolia (Turkey) and Spain have in common? | conquest and traders led to spread of Islam |
| What did India and Anatolia have in common? | Sufis led to conversions by accomidating local traditions |
| Islam was only dominant in what country? | Anatolia |
| What was Islam in India, West Africa and Spain? | just as popular as the many other faiths |
| How did Islam come to India? | Turks invaded and first destroyed Hindu and Buddhist temples |
| What made things more systematic in India? | New Sultanate of Deli |
| Why did Buddhists and Hindus like Islam? | it seemed prestigous |
| What changes did Islam make to India? | Sufis became holymen, converted 1/4 of India, Hindus served Muslim leaders, Sufis mixed Hinduism and Islam |
| What happened in India in the 1500s? | Sikhism grew incorporating ideas of Islam and Hinduism equally |
| what differences came to India thanks to Islam? | monotheism vs polytheism equality of believers vs caste system sexual modesty vs open eroticism |
| How was Anatolia more influenced by Islam than India? | Muslim pop-Anatolia 90%, India 25% bc Anatolia was much smaller and unified by Turkic language |
| How did Islam come to North and West Africa? | traders w/o conflict (urban centers) Timbuktu, Mali had 150 Quranic schools and libraries in Africa Arabic was a language of education, gov and trade |
Created by:
1213meganhouk
Popular World History sets