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Drugs for Block II
Cardioactive, Vasoactive, Sympathomimetics, Sympatholytics
| Drug Name | Class/Effects/Action |
|---|---|
| Phenylephrine | sympathomimetic (alpha-1 agonist) tx-HT, nasal congestion |
| Beclomethasone | corticosteroid - inhaled (less systemic side effects) |
| Clonidine | sympathomimetic - alpha 2 agonist. tx-HT |
| Theophylline | long acting bronchodilator (phosphodiesterase inhibitor) tx-asthma |
| Terbutaline | sympathomimetic - beta 2 agonist. tx-asthma, emphysema |
| Metoprolol | sympatholytic - beta 1 blocker (agonist) tx-HT |
| Yohimbine | sympatholytic - alpha 2 antgonist. tx-erectile dys. produce mydriasis |
| prazosin | sympatholytic - alpha 1 blocker (antagonist) tx-HT |
| Dobutamine | sympathomimetic - beta 1 agonist. tx-cardiac decomposition |
| Fluticasone | corticosteroid (inhaled) - less systemic side effects |
| Prednisone | corticosteroid (systemic) |
| Four classes of long acting bronchodilators | 1. inflammatory mediators inhibitor 2. beta adrinergic agonists 3. leukotriene antagonists 4. phosphodiesterase inhibitors |
| mediators that actively constrict smooth muscle (4) | histamine, seratonin, platelet activating factor, leukotrienes |
| receptors that NE and Epi act on | beta 1 and 2; alpha 1 and 2 adrinergic receptors |
| receptors that Ach acts on & ultimate effect in the airway | M1 and M2 receptors (smooth muscle contraction in airway) |
| Digoxin | cardiac glycoside - increases contractlity by increasing intracellular [Ca++] tx-heart failure |
| Dopamine | Dopamine agonist low doses: incr. CO, TPR, venous tone. High doses: incr. TPR, pulmonary vascular resistance, produces vasoconstriction |
| positive inotropes | improve cardiac function by increasing contractility. drug classes: beta adrinergic, dopamine agonists, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, cardiac glycosides tx-heart failure |
| cardiac antihypertensives | decrease afterload of heart. beta blockers, Ca++ channel blockers tx-HT, heart failure |
| beta adrinergic agonists - prototype drugs (3) | isoproteronol (B1 and 2), Dobutamine (B1), Terbutaline (B2) |
| Dobutamine | Beta 1 adrinergic agonist (cardioselective) tx-cardiogenic shock, heart failure |
| Terbutaline | Beta 2 adrinergic agonist Tx- asthma, emphysema |
| Isoproteronol | Beta 1 and 2 adrinergic agonist (not cardioselective) |
| Milnirone | phosphodiesterase inhibitor (results in incresed Ca++ release) tx-heart failure, pulmonary problems |
| Brimonidine | sympathomimetic - alpha 2 agonist tx. HT |
| Norephinephrine | alpha 1 agonist - vasoconstrictor tx-hypovolemia |
| prazosin | aplha 1 blocker (causes vasodilation) tx-HT |
| Clonidine | alpha 2 antagonist - sympatholytic - tx-HT |
| Furosemide | Diuretic - decr. blood volume tx-HT, edema, CHF, renal failure |
| positive inotropes | increase contractility to increase BP (classes: Beta adrinergic and dopamine agonists) tx-circulatory shock |
| mecamylamine | ganglionic blocker, nicotinic antagonist tx-severe hypertension (crisis), BP control during aortic surgery |
| Tolcapone | COMT inhibitor - leads to incr. brain [dopamine] tx-parkinsons |
| Verapamil | Ca++ channel blocker (most potent negative chronotrope, inotrope, dromotrope) tx-hypertension |
| Propanolol | B1 and B2 blocker (noncardioselective w/o ISA) |
| Zafirlukast | long acting bronchodilator (anti-inflammatory) blocks leukotriene receptors. tx-asthma |
| Montelukast | long acting bronchodilator (antiinflammatory), leukotriene antagonist tx-asthma |
| Salmeterol | long acting bronchodilator, B2 agonist, tx-asthma |
| Pindolol | B1 and 2 blocker (noncardiselective w/ISA) |
| Atenolol | B1 blocker (cardioselective w/o ISA) |
| Acebutolol | B1 blocker (cardioselective w/ISA) |
| Propanolol | B1 and B2 blocker (NON cardioselective) tx-HT |
| Atropine | Anthicholinergetic (muscarinic antagonist) tx-produce mydriasis, decr. airway secretions during intubation |
| Tolterodine | anticholinergic (muscarininc antagonist) tx-overactive bladder |
| Sites of adrinergic drug action (6) | 1. synthesis 2. vesicular packaging 3. release 4. receptor binding 5. re-uptake 6. metabolism |
| Metyrosine | blocks synthesis of NE tx-pheocromacytoma (causes HT) |
| Reserpine | blocks vesicular packaging of NE tx-Ht |
| Desipramine | TriCyclicAntidepressant: blocks reuptake of NE tx-depression |
| Isocarboxazid | MAO inhibitor: inactivates excessice neurotransmitters tx-depression |
| Demecarium | cholinergic (indirect) agonist - inhibits acetylcholinesterase tx-myasthenia gravis, open angle glaucoma |
| Ambenonium | chlinergic (indirect) agonist - inhibits acetylcholinesterase tx-myasthenia gravis, glaucoma |
| Pilocarpine | Cholinomimetic (Ach agonist) Tx-occular HT, glaucoma |
| Albuterol | B agonist: rapid acting bronchodilator tx-asthma |
| Ipratropium bromide | Anticholinergic - rapid acting bronchodilator Tx-asthma |
| Pancuronium | ganglionic blocker, Ach antagonist Tx-hypertensive crisis, control in surgery on aortic aneurism/surgery on blood vessels |
| cardiac effects of Ach | parasympathetic response (decr. HR, Decr. contractility) MOA-activation of K+ channels, inhibittion of Ca++ channels, adenylyl cyclase |
| Cardiac effects of NE/Epi | sypathetic response - incr. HR, inr. contractility MOA - activate adenyly cyclase, activate Ca++ channels |
| Sundilac | anaglesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory. Active sulfide metabolite. |
| Ketorolac | analgesic in ER for suspected opiod users, available in parenteral form |
| DMARD stands for? | Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatoid arthritis Drugs |
| Methotrexate | synthetic DMARD. Tx-RA |
| Infliximab | biological DMARD, inhibits TNF-alpha (inflammatory mediator) |
| Anakinra | inhibits IL-1 tx-RA |
Created by:
igelderloos
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