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Africa Study Guide

Chapter 5 (all lessons) and Chapter 6 (lesson 1)

QuestionAnswer
How did an African kinship develop into a kingdom? A kinship turned into a village, which turned into a city, which turned into a kingdom. This happened through trade.
How was work handled in the African kinships? Most of village life centered around farming. The women, men, and children all had their own jobs they had to do.
How was trade handled in West Africa? (What items were traded, who controlled the trade) West Africa received salt, cloth, and metal wares from North Africa, and gave gold, slaves, ivory, and cattle hides to North Africa.
What was the importance of griots? Griots were the storytellers. They told stories which were passed on to the next generation. Historians have written down the stories to share with the world.
Definition of: -kinship -labor specialization -griot Kinship-a connection among people by blood, marriage, or adoption. Labor specialization-focusing on specific types of work. Griot-the storytellers.
Describe the 3 vegetation zones of West Africa? (desert, savannah, rain forest) Desert-Dry climate, plants that need little water grow here Savannah- Flat, grassy, scattered trees. Rich deposits of salt. Rain forest-Hold large amounts of gold.
Why was the Niger River so important to the people of West Africa? -Key route for transportation, communication, and trade. -When it floods, there is good soil for farmland. -Part of Ghana's empire, with major gold deposits.
Why did North Africa trade salt for gold and why did West Africa trade gold for salt? People in North Africa had salt but wanted gold. People in West Africa had gold but wanted salt.
Why were camels important for trans-Saharan trade? They could cover great distances with little food or water.
What was the role of the Kings of Ghana in the salt and gold trade? The Kings of Ghana taxed trade to gain wealth.
How did the Berbers of North Africa influence the people of West Africa? -Practiced Islam -Spoke Arabic -Introduced the written language
Definitions of: -savannah -Berbers -Trans-Saharan trade Savannah-Grassland in a tropical region. Berbers-A group who traded salt and other goods across the Sahara. Trans-Saharan trade-trade of gold and salt developed across the Sahara.
Describe the Mali city of Timbuktu. A center of trade and culture, located on the Niger River, became a famous center of Islamic scholarship.
The description and results of Mansa Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca? In 1324, he went on a pilgrimage to Mecca and brought 12,000 slaves, 80 camels, and 300 pounds of gold.People were impressed with him and wanted to travel to Mali, and as a result, trade increased.
How did Sunni Ali and the Songhai people take control of West Africa? After Mansa Musa died, people argued about who should rule. The Songhai people gradually gained control and conquered the empire of Mali. They drove the Berbers out of Timbuktu, and Sunni Ali killed many people.
What were the government achievements of Askia Muhammad? He divided Songhai into provinces, put a governor in charge of each province, set up a bureaucracy, and had a standing army and navy.
Definitions of: -Sundiata -Timbuktu -Mansa Musa Sundiata-the founder of the Mali empire, who was the chief of the Malinke people.
Why did the Kongo people migrate and settle near the Congo River? The Congo River has fertile soil, iron & copper, good fishing, and transportation.
Why did King Afonso and Portugal trade with each other? The Kongo Kingdom could get more resources such as horses, guns, and other manufactured goods. In return the Kongo Kingdom would give slaves.
How did King Afonso change his kingdom to follow the European government? -Wore western-style clothing -Appointed dukes and counts -Leaders were sent to school in Portugal
Why did King Afonso cut trade off with Portugal? The Portuguese didn't stop the slave trade. They kept looking for more slaves.
What were the results of the trade between the Kongo Kingdom and Portugal? A total of 11 million enslaved people were transported to the Americas.
Definitions of: -missionary -Roman Catholicism -Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Missionary-A person sent to a foreign country to do religious work. Roman Catholicism-a religion that became the official religion of Kongo. Trans-Atlantic slave trade-When slaves were traded for manufactured goods across the Atlantic ocean.
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