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History Chapter 6!!
World history chapter 6 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did Rome's geography influence its development | Rome was located near Carthage, a strong and well developed civilization. |
| 12 tables | in 451 B.C. a group of ten officials began writing down law codes for Rome's law. They soon became the basis for later Roman law. These codes established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law. |
| plebians | The common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population. |
| patricians | The wealthy landowners who held most of the power. |
| tribunes | Rome's leaders allowed the plebians to form their own assembly and elect representatives called tribunes. They protected the rights of the plebians from unfair acts of the patrician officials. |
| consuls | They commanded the army and directed the government. |
| Senate | The aristocrat branch of Rome's government. It had both legislative and administrative functions in the republic |
| Dictator | A leader who had absolute power over everything to make laws and command the army. In times of crisis, the republic could appoint a dictator. Their power only lasted for six months. Dictators were chosen by the counsels and then elected by the senate. |
| How did the Punic Wars help increase Roman Power? | The Punic wars consisted of three wars against Carthage. The first fought for the control of Sicily and the western Mediterranean, lasted 23 years ending with the defeat of Carthage by Rome. The next war began with the Carthage mastermind, Hannibal. |
| What did Hannibal plan to do that no one had thought to do before? | He assembled a large army with many infantry, calvary, and 60 elephants intending to defeat Rome. Hannibal planned to surprise the Roman's by leading his army through the Alps. Rome prevented Hannibal from capturing the Roman Empire. |
| What were the problems with the Republic? | As Rome grew its territory, its republican form of government became increasingly unstable. The most serious problems were the growing discount among the lower class society and and problems with military. |
| Summarize the events leading up to the creation of the empire. | Generals began seizing greater power for themselves and recruiting landless poor soldiers by promising them land. |
| Julius Caesar | He joined forces with two other generals and became elected consul in 59 B.C. These three men dominated Rome as a triumvirate, a group of three leaders. Many people wanted Caesar to rule a monarchy but others thought he was a tyrant. |
| Augustus | Rome's first dictator, or government ruled by one man. |
| Pax Romana | Roman peace throughout the empire during Augustus' rule. There was no war during this time period. Pax Romana lasted for 200 years. |
| Summarize the life of Jesus | Jesus preached, taught, and preformed miracles. His teachings contained may ideas from Jewish tradition such as monotheism. He stressed the importance of peoples love for God, their neighbors, their enemies, even themselves. |
| The spread of Christianity | As Jesus preached from town to town, his fame grew. He attracted large crowds and many people were touched by his message. Because Jesus ignored status and wealth, his teachings attracted the poor. |
| Jewish rebellion | In A.D. 66 a group of Jews rebelled against Rome. In A.D. 70 the Romans stormed and destroyed the temple complex. |
| Persecution of Christians | Christians were a problem to the Roman rulers because they refused to worship the Roman gods. By the second century, as the Pax Romana became to crumble, the persecution of Christians became worse. Thousands were crucified,burned, or killed by animals. |
| Describe the decline of the Roman empire. | The economy suffered from inflation, a drastic drop in the money value resulting in higher prices for goods. Agriculture faced problems in Rome, overworked soil had lost its fertility. Eventually, food shortages and disease spread, less population. |
| Describe the reforms of Diocletian and Constantine | Diocletian doubled the size of the army and sought to control inflation by setting fixed prices for goods. He also divided the empire into two parts. The Greek speaking half and the Latin speaking half. Once he died, Constantine took power. |
| Constantine moves the Capital | He gained control of the western part of the empire and continued with many of the social and economic policies of Diocletian. In A.D. 330 Constantine moved the capital to the greek city, Byzantium. It later became called Constantinople after Constantine. |
| Constantinople | After the death of Constantine, the empire would be divided again, the east would survive but the west would fall. |
| The fall of the Western Roman Empire | The Huns, a germanic group pushed into Roman lands. This group was a direct threat to the Roman Empire. In 444 they united under a powerful chief named Attila. With him and his army, they attached both halves of the empire. The last emperor was killde by |
| No more empire | The last emperor was killde by Germanic peoples and after this, no one even tried to take control over the empire. The civilization ended but their influences and development of Western civilization did not. |
| Greco- Roman Culture | The mixing elements of Greek, Helenistic, and Roman culture produced a new culture called Greco- Roman culture. Often called classical civilization. Many important things from this culture contributed to us today such as literature, art, and mosaics. |
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