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RegA 2 B
CanColl May12 MCQ RegA 2 B
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cranial bones (8) | frontal, parietal(2), temporal(2), occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid |
| paranasal sinuses | FEMS - frontal, ethmoid, maxillary, sphenoid |
| mm's of mastication | masseter - elevate + retract temporalis - elevate medial pterygoid - elevate + protract lateral pterygoid - depress |
| sella turcica | turkish saddle - cradle for the pituitary gland |
| sutures - between frontal and two parietal bones | coronal |
| sutures - between 2 parietal and occipital bones | lambdoid |
| sutures - between 2 parietal bones | sagital |
| what is the function of the pterygoid process | forms attacments for the mandibular mm/s |
| where is the pterygoid process found? | part of the sphenoid bone |
| what forms the zygomatic arch | Zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone |
| Of 14 facial bones - only two do not come in pairs? | mandible and vomer |
| describe mandible | largest and strongest facial bone - does not articulate with any facial bones - only articulates with temporal bone(s) |
| what is the area of the thoracic cavity where the heart is found called | the mediastinum |
| apex of the heart | pointed end - bottom - |
| base of heart | broad portion - top |
| where does the coronary sinus empty into | Right atrium |
| where does the middle coronary vein drain into | coronary sinus |
| what type of fluid is found in the pericardial cavity | serous fluid |
| what are the layers of the heart wall | epicardium (outer), myocardium (middle), endocardium (innermost) |
| what does the deep coronay sulcus separate? | atria and ventricles - goes around the equator of the heart |
| what drains into the right atrium | superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus |
| what drains into the left atrium | pulmonary vein (oxygenated blood) |
| where is the mitral valve located | L - AV valve |
| chorae tendinae | prevent prolapse of AV valves - both sides |
| temporary blood vessel in fetal life | ductus arteriosus - shunts blood from pulmonary trunk into the aorta (lungs are not functioning yet) |
| what is called the pacemaker of the heart | SA node - sinoatrial node |
| what is it called if there is anther area starting action potentials in the heart? | ectopic pacemaker |
| which valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta | aortic valve aka aortic semilunar valve |
| what vessels carry deoxygenated blood? | pulmonary artery, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava and coronary sinus |
| Progression of secretions from Liver, Gall Bladder and pancreas to the small intestine A | from the liver - the left and right hapatic ducts joint to form the common hepatic duct. |
| Progression of secretions from Liver, Gall Bladder and pancreas to the small intestine b | secretions from the gallbladder flow along the cystic duct. The cystic duct joins the common hepatic duct - and forms the common bile duct. |
| Progression of secretions from Liver, Gall Bladder and pancreas to the small intestine c | secretions from the pancreas flow thru the Duct of Wirsung aka the Major Pancreatic Duct. This joins the common bile duct. |
| Progression of secretions from Liver, Gall Bladder and pancreas to the small intestine d | The pancreas has an alternate duct - the Duct of Santorini - that flows from the Duct of Wirsung - directly to the small intestine without joining the common bile duct. |
| Progression of secretions from Liver, Gall Bladder and pancreas to the small intestine e | the common bile duct proceeds thru the ampulla of Vater, the sphinctor of ODDI aka the choledochal sphincter and into the duodenum |
| what is another name for the mitral valve | the biscuspid valve |
| muscles that move the mandible | masseter, temporalis and medial pterygoid - all elevate mandible (closing the mouth) - only the lateral pterygoid depresses the mandible (opening the moutn) |
| layers of the heart wall | epicardium - thin transparent outer layer myocardium - muscular middle layer endocardium - thin, smooth inner layer |
| which layer of the heart is the thickest | the myocardium (smooth muscle) makes up the bulk of the heart and is responsible for the pumping action |
| Stomach: cardia | surrounds superior opening |
| stomach: fundus | superior rounded portion of stomach |
| stomach: body | large central portion |
| stomach: pyloris | connects to the duodenum |
| stomach: rugae | large folds in the mucosa |
| stomach: pyloric sphinctor | opening to the duodenum |
| stomach: lessor / greater curvature | lessor - inside , greater - outside curve |
| gastric juice contains | HCL acid, pepsin, intrinic factor and gastric lipase |
| HCL | kills bacteria and denatures protein |
| pepsin | begins digestion of proteins |
| intrinsic factor | aid in absorption of Vit B12 |
| gastric lipase | aids in digestion of tryglycerides |
| stomach: chief cells | secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase |
| stomach: parietal cells | secrete HCL acid and intrinsic factor |
| function of kidneys | remove metabolic waste, body fluid level regulation, H2O/electrolyte balance, production of hormones and enzymes, PH balance |
| what effect does antidiuretic hormone ADH have on the kidneys | increases reabsorption of water - less urine output |
| thirst mechanism 4 steps | dehydration, stimulates thirst mechanism, increases fluid intake, restoration |
| HOw does the dehydration step affect the body | dec saliva, inc blood osmotic pressure, dec blood volume |
| What effect does aldosterone have on the kidneys | inc angiotensin II - decreases fluid loss in urine |
| oocytes | prospective eggs |
| ova | eggs |
| Gonadotropin releasing hormone aka GnRH aka Guns & Roses | controls ovarian and uterine cycles |
| GnRH is secreted by: | the hypothalmus |
| GnRH stimulates the release of: | follicle stimulating hormone FSH - and - leutinizing hormone LH |
| FSH - | stimulates follicular growth adn secretion of estrogens by the follicles |
| LH - | stimulates further development of ovarian follicles, brings about ovulation - stimulates production of estrogens, progesterone, relaxin and inhibin |
| LH & FSH are produced by | Anterior pituitary gland |
| estrogens, progesterone, relaxin and inhibin are produced by the | corpus luteum - within uterus |
| oxytocin is released by | the posterior pituitary gland |
| oxytocin functions to | eject milk in reponse to the sucking on the nipple |
| milk production is stimulated by | prolactin |
Created by:
Hanz Onn
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