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RegA 2 A
CanColl May12 RegA 2 A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| tenia coli | modification of the muscularis(outermost) layer of GI Tract - three tape-like strips of lingitudinal MM on colon |
| rugae | large fold in the mucosa layer in stomach |
| villi - | finger-like projections that increase absorption rate of small intestine |
| Duct of Wirsung | aka major pancreatic duct |
| Order of duct work | liver - gall bladder - pancreas - into duodenum |
| salivary amylase | digestion of starch |
| lingual lipase | digestion of fat |
| hydrochloric acid | kills bacteria, denatures protein |
| pepsin | digests proteins |
| intrinsic factor | allows absorption of vitamin B12 |
| gastric lipase | digestion of triglycerides & fats |
| bile | digests fats and dilutes foods + helps with digestion |
| uvula | closes naso-pharnyx during swallowing |
| epiglottis | closes trachea during swallowing |
| cystic duct | drains gall bladder |
| pharnyx | passes air/food, houses tonsils, forms resonating chamber for sound |
| type 1 alveolar cells | main site of gas exchange in lungs |
| type 2 alveolar cells | secrete alveolar fluide which contains a surfactant - which lowers the surface tension of the alveolar fluid and reduces tendency of alveoli to collapse |
| fibroblasts | build connective tissue |
| macrophages | eat cells |
| arterioles | regulate blood flow to capillaries |
| capillaries | permit exchange of nutrients and wastes |
| metarterioles | thoroughfare channel - bypass capillaries directly to venules |
| venules | collect blood from capillaries |
| mastication | chewing |
| deglutition | swallowing |
| peristalsis | waves of contraction in the GI tract |
| segmentation | alternating contractions of the ring mm's in the lower GI tract |
| hydrothorax | water in the pleural cavity |
| pneumothorax | air in the pleura cavity |
| hemothorax | blood in the pleural cavity |
| how many teeth does an adult have | 32 |
| three phases of swallowing | voluntary, pharyngeal, esophageal |
| stomach cells: gastric gland cells | secrete gastric juices |
| stomach cells: chief cells | secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase |
| stomach cells: parietal cells | secrete HCl and intrinsic factor |
| what stuctures does the pyloric sphinctor join? | stomach and duodenum |
| the loop made by the duodenum surrounds what structure? | the head of the pancreas |
| how many lobes does the liver have | 4 |
| where is the gall bladder located | looking from the front - it is under (behind) the liver |
| where is bile stored | gall bladder |
| where is bile produced | liver |
| which cells in the pancrease produce insulin | islets of langerhans |
| what structs make up the respiratory portion of the respiratory system? | respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli |
| what struc is known as the Adam's Apple | the thyroid cartilage |
| what type of fluid is found in the pleural cavity | serous fluid |
| what does contraction of the diaphragm lead to? | increased lung volume, decreased pressure - air comes in |
| layers of arteries - from inside out | tunica interna (intima), tunica media, tunica externa |
| three types of capillaries | continuous, fenestrated, sinusoid |
| what is the most common type of capillaries | continuous |
| where are sinusoid capillaries found? | liver |
| where are fenestrated capillaries found? | kidneys, small intestines, endocrine glands |
| where are continuous capillaries found? | skeletal mm, smooth mm, connective tissue, heart |
| where is BP usually taken | brachial artery |
| what to the plumonary veins carry? | oxygenated blood |
| which is the largest vein in the body | Inferior Vena Cava |
| what makes up the azygos system? | right thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, abdominal wall, - all into the superior vena cava |
| what is the longest vein in the body? | the great saphenous vein - drains medial leg, groin, genitals and abdominal wall |
Created by:
Hanz Onn
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