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Post-Roman World
The Byzantine Empire and the Medieval World
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Roman Catholic Church | the Christian church headed by the pope in Rome |
| Eastern Orthodox Church | the Christian church that split from the Catholic church during the Byzantine Empire |
| bubonic plague | a deadly bacteria responsible for the Black Death of the 1300s; transmitted by fleas living on infested rats |
| Crusades | Christian campaigns to retake the holy lands from Muslims |
| Magna Carta | a written legal agreement signed in 1215 that limited the English monarch's power; established the principal of limited government |
| Hundred Years War | a series of battles fought between France and England from 1337 and 1453; contributed to the end of feudalism |
| Byzantine Empire | the name for the eastern Roman Empire; located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia; it lasted from about 500 to 1453 C.E. |
| feudalism | the economic and political system that developed in Europe during the Middle Ages; a system where a monarch provided social order and protection in return for loyalty |
| clergy | the body of people, such as priests, who perform the sacred functions of the church |
| schism | a formal division in a church or religious body |
| Holy Land | the area between Egypt and Syria that was the ancient homeland of Jews and a place where Jesus had lived; Jerusalem, a holy city to Jews, Christians, and Muslims, is located here |
| mosque | a Muslim house of worship |
| synagogue | a Jewish house of worship |
| Qur'an | the holy book of the religion of Islam; also spelled Koran |
| caliph | a title taken by Muslim rulers who claimed religious authority to rule |
| Islam | the religious faith of Muslims; also the civilization based on the Islamic religion and the group of modern countries where Islam is the main religion |
| Muhammad | the main prophet of the Islamic faith |
| prophet | a person who speaks or interprets for God to other people |
| Muslim | a follower of the Islamic faith |
| Justinian's Code | Legal code established by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian that consolidated and simplified old Roman laws, expanded rights for women, and became the basis for future legal codes in the western world. |
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nchaplinlewis
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