click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
chapter 21
key terms and people
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid 1700s | Industrial revolution |
| a process in Europe from 1700s to the mid 1800s where landowners fenced small fields to create large farms, allowing for more efficient farming methods and increased the food supply | enclosure movement |
| the basic resources for industrialization, such as land, labor, and capital | factors of production |
| a usually small scale industry carried on at home by family members using their own equipment | cottage industry |
| developing industries for the production of goods | industrialization |
| a place where goods are manufactured in mass quantity | factory |
| British inventor; he invented the seed drill | Jethro Tull |
| English inventor; in 1769 he patented the spinning frame, which spun stronger, thinner thread | Richard Arkwright |
| Scottish inventor; he developed crucial innovations to make the steam engine efficient, fast, and better able to power machinary | James Watt |
| American engineer and inventor; he built the first commercially successful, full sized steamboat, the Clermont, which led to the development of commercial steamboat ferry services for goods and people | Robert Fulton |
| organizations representing worker's interests | labor union |
| work stoppages | strike |
| the system of manufacturing large numbers of identical items | mass production |
| identical machine made parts that can be substituted for each other manufacturing | interchangeable parts |
| a mass production process in which a product is moved forward through many work stations where workers perform specific tasks | assembly line |
| a business system where companies are allowed to conduct business without interference by the government | laissez-faire |
| a risk taker who starts a new business within the economic system of capitalism | entrepreneur |
| a political and economic system in which society, usually in the form of the government owns the means of production | socialism |
| economic and political system in which the government owns the means of production and controls economic planning | communism |
| a measure of the quality of life | standard of living |