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worldstudiesstuff
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mummification | Removal of vital organs in a corpse as well as drying and wrapping the body in linen. Egyptians thought it would give the soul use of its body in the afterlife. Originally only for the rulers. |
| Hieroglyphics | An early form of picture writing created by the Egyptians. It was used to keep records. Originally, only scribes/priests could learn it. |
| Demotic | Simpler form of Egyptian writing for everyday use. |
| Papyrus | Paper-like writing material from the papyrus plant, which grows in Egypt. People wrote on them with reed pens + ink. |
| Silt | Rich, fertile soil that is deposited onto the ground from the Nile’s annual flood. (good for farming) |
| Cataract | A waterfall off of a river. Upper Egypt covers the south area of Egypt from the first cataract off of the Nile. |
| Delta | A triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers. Lower Egypt covers the Nile’s delta region. |
| Dynasty | A ruling family of power. |
| Pharoahs | The name of Egyptian rulers. |
| Vizier | A chief minister who supervises the business of government. |
| Bureaucracy | A system of managing government through departments run by appointed officials. |
| Polytheistic | Religions that believe in many gods. Often during ancient times. |
| Artisans | Skilled craftworkers who make pottery, or carved/woven goods, also metal workers. |
| Pictograms | Simple drawings to show what words represent. |
| Scribes | Specially trained people who learned to read/write and kept records for priests, rulers, and merchants. |
| City-state | A political unit including a city and its surrounding lands and villages. |
| Empire | A group of states or territories controlled by one ruler. |
| Steppes | Sparse, dry, grasslands. |
| Cultural Diffusion | The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from person to person through migration, trade and warfare. |
| List Features of Civilization | 1. Cities 2. Well-organized central governments 3. Public Works 4. Complex religions 5. Social classes 6. Job specialization 7. Art + Architecture 8. Writing |
| List Themes of Geography | 1. Location (absolute/relative) 2. Place (human/physical) 3. Human Environment Interaction (modify/adapt/depend) 4. Movement (people/ideas/goods) 5. Region (political/physical) |
| Menes | The King of Upper Egypt. (3100 BC) Known for: He united Upper and Lower Egypt by using the Nile as a “highway” linking the two sections. |
| Ptah-Hotep | A wise vizier. Known for: He wrote Instructions of Vizier Ptah-Hotep to train future young officials from mistakes Ptah-Hotep had seen during his experience. |
| Queen Hatshepsut | Took throne, but wore a fake beard as a sign of authority. (1503-1482 BC) Known for: Encouraged trades with eastern lands, and sent expeditions south. |
| Ramses II | Pharoah (1290-1224 BC) Known for: His many military victories, such as pushing Egyptian rule towards Palestine and part of Syria. May have won in a battle against Hittites. |
| Osiris | A god who formerly ruled Egypt until his evil brother killed him. His wife Isis, brought him back to life and he became god of the dead and judge of souls seeking admission to afterlife. Promised life after death to faithful people. |
| Isis | A goddess who’s husband was Osiris. She brought him back to life after he was killed. Her symbol was the ankh. Important to women. |
| Amon-Re | A god, also considered the chief god, who was the god of the sun. |
| Horus | The godly son of Isis and Osiris. He kills the god Set. |
| Set | Jealous brother of Osiris, who killed Osiris. He was later killed by Horus. |
| Tutankhamen | Egyptian pharoah who died at 18. He was a minor king, yet his coffin was solid gold and treasures were all through out his tomb. |
| Howard Carter | Archaeologist who uncovered King Tut’s tomb. |
| Aton | A minor god of the sun disk. |
| Akhenaton | “he who serves Aton”. Husband of Nefertiti (1380 BC) Tried to sweep away other gods and have everyone worship Aton. He was not successful |
| Jean Champollion | French scholar (1800s). Who translated the Rosetta Stone. |
| Ankh | The symbol of Isis, which Egyptians placed on a dead person to ensure the soul of eternal life. |
| Rosetta Stone | A stone found in Egypt which had the same message in three languages: hieroglyphics, demotic, and Greek. Used as a key to finally what hieroglyphics meant. |
| The Tales of Sinuhe | The Tales of Sinuhe are an Egyptian folk tale. Sinuhe was an official, who was forced to flee to the desert/Syria. As he gets older, he longs to return home and sheds his life as a nomad to become a noble. |
Created by:
e123
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