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Chapter 21

The Industrial Revolution

QuestionAnswer
Industrial Revolution The era, when the use of power-driven machinery was developed.
Enclosure movement a process in Europe from 1700s to the mid-1800s where landowners fenced small fields to create large farms,allowing for more efficient farming methods and increased the food supply.
factors of production the basic resources for industrialization, such as land, labor, and capital.
Cottage industry A usually small-scale industry carried on at home by family members using their own equipment.
factory A place where goods are manufactured in mass quantity.
industrialization developing industries for the production of goods.
Jethro Tull was an agricultural engineer from England who helped start the British Agricultural Revolution. He helped improve the seed drill, which is something that put seeds in the ground to plant them faster.
Richard Arkwright was an Englishman who, although the patents were eventually overturned, is often credited with inventing the spinning frame. He was a leading entrepreneur of the Industrial Revolution
James Watt was a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer whose improvements to the steam engine were fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world.
Robert Fulton was an Irish-born American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing the first commercially successful steamboat.
labor union Organizations representing worker's interest.
Strike A work stoppage.
mass production the system of manufacturing large numbers of identical items.
interchangeable parts identical machine-made parts that can be substituted for each other in manufacturing.
Assembly line a mass-production process in which a product is moved forward through many work stations where workers perform specific tasks.
laissez-faire
Adam Smith
Thomas Malthus
entrepreneur
Andrew Carnegie
socialism
Karl Marx
communism
standard of living
Created by: ilcenaguilar
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