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Bone and Cartilage
This stack list core knowledge on this topic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of collagen is bone made of? | Collagen type 1 |
| Name of extracelluar matrix of bone | Osteoid |
| What happens to osteoid which gives bone it's rigidity and strength and by deposition of which substance? | Mineralisation, Calcium Hydroxyapatite |
| Osteoblast | Synthesise osteoid and mediate mineralisation |
| Osteoblasts are found... | lined up along bone surface |
| osteoclast | Large multinucleated phagocytic cells capable of eroding bones |
| Osteocytes | Inactive osteoblast trapped within formed bone |
| Osteoblast and osteoclast derives from... | Primitive mesenchymal (stem) cell called osteoprogenitor cell |
| Osteoclast derives from | Macrophage-monocyte cell line |
| Is bone vascularised and metabolically active? | Yes |
| List some of the functions of bone? | *Bone tissue supports fleshly structure *Protects vital organ e.g. cranial, thoracic cavaty *Bone marrow, where blood cells are formed *Reservoir of calcium, phosphate and other ions and their orderly intake and uptake from blood *Act as lever |
| Shape osteoblast when synthesising osteoid | Large broad cuboidal shape |
| Organelles abundant in osteoblast... | REM,Golgi apparatus |
| Describe the structure of inactive osteoblast? | Narrow attenuated spindle-shaped. Virtually undetectable except long narrow nucleus. |
| In areas of bone undergoing resorption, osteoclast lie within enzymatically etched depression in matrix known as _________. | Howship's lacunae |
| In active osteoclast, the surface-facing bone matrix is folded into irregular, often subdivided projections, forming __________ . | Ruffled border |
| Role of ruffled border | *Secretes organic acids to dissolve minerals *Secretes lysosomal proteolytic enzymes to destroy organic osteoid matrix |
| Osteoclast resorption contributes to... | Bone remodelling in response to growth and mechanical stresses |
| Arrangement of collagen in woven and woven and lamellar bone | random, regular parallel bands |
| Woven and lamellar bones are found in... | Woven ==> Fetal bone development Lamellar ==> Adult bone |
| Rapidly formed ______ bone is eventually remodelled to form ______ lamellar bone. | Woven, Lamellar |
| Name the two types of lamellar bone. | 1) Compact (cortical) bone 2) Cancellous (medullary) bone |
| Diaphysis is occupied by _________ bone | Compact |
| Medullary cavity is occupied by _______ bone | Cancellous |
| Cancellous bone consists of a network of fine, ______ plates called _______ separated by intercommunicating spaces. | irregular, trabeculae |
| Articular cartilage are found in which bone region? | Epiphysis |
| Periosteum | External fibrous surface of the bone which inserts muscle, tendons and ligaments. |
| Endosteum | Covers innter surface of bones, including trabeculae of cancellous bone |
Created by:
tausifhuq93@googlema
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