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Chapter 20 Vocab

Key Terms and People

QuestionAnswer
the political and social system in place in France before the Revolution Old order
King of France from 1774 to 1792; his unpopular policies helped trigger the French revolution King Louis XVI
Queen of France, wife of King Louis XVI; she was queen during the French revolution and disliked by many French citizens Marie-Antoinette
in pre-revolution France, the clergy First Estate
in pre-revolution France, the nobles Second Estate
in pre-revolution France, the bourgeoisie, artisans, workers, and peasants Third Estate
the urban middle class; merchants, professionals, and manufactures Bourgeoisie
"without breaches"; a radical group of shopkeepers and wage earners during the French Revolution who wanted a larger voice in the government and an end to food shortages sans culottes
a document that laid out the basic principles of the French revolution - liberty, equality, and fraternity Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
a person with extreme views Radical
Leading figure of the French revolution; he was known for his intense dedication to the revolution Maximilien Robespierre
a device used during the French revolution for beheading people Guillotine
a revolution against a government established by a revolution counterrevolution
a period during the French Revolution in which the Robespierre-led government executed thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens Reign of Terror
General and Emperor of France; he seized power in a d'etat in 1799; he led French armies in conquering much of Europe, placing his relatives in positions of power Napoleon Bonaparte
British Admiral; he defeated Napoleon's Navy in Egypt and again at the battle of Tregalgar Admiral Horatio Nelson
"stroke of state"; the sudden overthrow of a government by force Coup d'etat
the procedure used to submit the constitution of a new government to the people for a yes-or-no vote plebiscite
the system of commercial blockades of Britain and continental Europe set in place by Napoleon with the intent of destroying Britain's economy continental system
sense of pride and devotion to one's nation nationalism
Czar of Russia from 1801 to 1825; after the defeat of Napoleon's army in 1812, he became one of the most powerful leaders in Europe, supporting the suppression of all revolutionary movements in Russia and Europe Czar Alexander I
period that marks the time between Napoleon's return to Paris from Elba, his final defeat at Waterloo and the restoration of King Louis XVIII Hundred Days
British soldier and statesman; he led the British troops against Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo Duke of Wellington
Austrian statesman and diplomat; he was the Austrian representative at the congress of Vienna Prince Klemens von Metternich
French statesman and diplomat; he was one of the negotiators at the congress of Vienna Charles Maurice de Talleyrand
compensation that is paid to a nation for the damage inflicted upon it in war indemnity
an extremist who not only opposes change but also wants to undo certain changes reactionary
Created by: JoeyReid
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