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MidtermICRM

Midterm

QuestionAnswer
History of CRM-Independence Hall 1816-City bought for city park, realization of importance of people's impacts on the places associated with them.
History of CRM-Mount Vernon Washington's house, 1853 ladies group preserved, privately owned.
History of CRM-Yellowstone 1872-First national park, US army managed first.
History of CRM-Casa Grande First ruin preserved in US. Unique at time, valuable for research.
History of CRM-Gettysburg 1863-Battle, 1864-Battlefield memorial association, 1878-First momunent built on Little Round Top, 1895-National military park created/320 monuments created, 1896-Supreme court vs. Electric railway co.
History of CRM-McCloughlin House First historic building in Pacific NW.
Organic Act-1916 Created NPS to vonserve scenery, wildlife,enjoyment of future gen. and current peeps.
Historic Sites Act-1935 Federal property apply(building on antiquities act)objects, buildings, sites, antiquities of national significance.
Antiquities Act of 1906 ALL federal property, helped preserve historic or prehistoric ruin, monument, or any object of antiquity. FINES APPLY $500, permits required, and "public museum" of objects, exec. declares national monuments.
HABS-1934 Created by the CWA(Civil Works Admin.) Historic American Building Survey, run by Park Service. Bad time for Arch...unskilled labor, unrealistic deadlines, delay of reporting.
National Trust for Historic Preservation-1949 Linked both Fed, Gov, and provate.
HAER-1969 Historic American Engineering Record
NHPA-1966 National Historic Preservation Act, required process for addressing mitigation, established a program for preservation of additional historic properties.
Consulting Parties in 106 process SHPO, THPO, Indian tribes & NHO's, Representatives of local govs., applicant for federal assistance, the public.
Participants in 106 Process Agency official, contractors, consultation, ACHP, lead federal agency.
36CFR63 Determination of eligibility for 106 process
Section 106 steps(1-4) 1)Initiation 2)Identification/consultation 3)Assessment of effects 4)Resolution of effects
National Trust critique of 106 Need more public involvement, basically saying that federal agencies have other ideals besides arch., more strict regulation of compliance, more involvement from ACHP, more state/tribal support from NHPFA.
Phases of CRM Arch. (1-3) 1)Survey 2)Testing/evaluation 3)Data recovery/mitigation
Executive Order 13007/Pelican Butte, OR/Devils Rock, WY May 24th 1996, Accommodation of sacred sites.
ARPA Archaeological Resources Protection Act-Protection of archaeological resources. Must apply for ARPA permit/undertaking for furthering arch knowledge public interest, LARGER FINE!<$500
Damage Assessment under ARPA 1)Archaeological value 2)Commercial value 3)Cost of restoration and repair
NAGPRA Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. WHO: Federally recognized tribes, federal agencies, museum that receives funding. WHAT: Cultural/human remains, funerary objects, objects of cultural patrimony.
Ownership and control of Native American cultural items according to NAGPRA 1)lineal descendants 2)Tribe closest 3)Closest cultural affiliation 4)US court of claims
AIRFA American Indian Religious Freedom Act-accommodation of sacred sites, federal accommodate access, avoid adversely affecting integrity of sacred sites/maintain confidentiality of sites. Applies to all federally recognized.
Archaeological Resource(vague-ish definition) Any material remains of past human life or activities which are of archaeological interest. =<100 years of age.
NEPA National Environmental Policy Act-encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment/prevent or eliminate damage to environment.
Department of Transportation 4(f) act Enhancement and maintenance of natural beauty, transportation department/facilities must comply to preserve. (federal lands highway program)
WPA-1930's Works Progress Administration/Feds-created condition for arch., academics determined...stepped up to try and make arch. better.
New Deal 1930's-CWA(Civil Works Admin.)-CCC(civilian Conservation Core) Bad time for arch., unskilled labor, unrealistic deadlines set, delay of reporting, led to NTHP(National Trust for Historic Preservation)
History of CRM-Mound Builders 1848-Squier and Davis mapped burial mounds, claimed "other" civilization besides native culture created it. Basically asked important first question.
History of CRM-Smithsonian Institution 1894-Answered squier and davis question-Cyrus Thomas claimed mounds were built by indigenous peoples.
Created by: Anth350
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