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History 6.3,6.4 & 65
uhh yeah you need to study!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the name that Octavian gave himself meaning "Majestic One" | Augustus |
| Name some of Octavian's accomplishments | He rebuilt the city of Rome, imported grain from North Africa, Built and repaired roads, became a patron of the arts |
| Who were the Julio-Claudian Emperors | Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero |
| Tiberius | adopted son of Octavian, accused many of treason, retired from his post and went to the island of Capri |
| Caligula | named his horse to the Senate (Incitatus) |
| Claudius | improved Rome's law codes and built public works projects but he had physical illnesses |
| Nero | almost bankrupted Rome for his two pleasures horse racing and music; had his mother, wife, and many Senators executed; blamed Christians |
| Who were the Good Emperors | Nerva, Trajan, Hadrain, Marcus Aurelius, Antonius Pius |
| Nerva | first "good emperor" |
| Trojan | increased roman empire to its biggest size ever! |
| Hadrain | built defensive fortifications |
| Antonius Pius | supported the arts, architecture, science, and education |
| Marcus Aurelius | wrote meditations while encamped with soldiers; brought Rome to economic height |
| Pax Romana | means roman peace starts with Octavian-Marcus Aurelius;70-100 million citizens |
| pontifex maximus | chief priest of Rome |
| jus gentium | laws for non citizens of Rome |
| jus civile | laws that dealt with citizens of Rome |
| other accomplishments | boosted trade, increased standard of living, and arts changed in the family |
| "bread and circuses" | free bread and entertainment |
| how many holidays were there a year? | 130 |
| What were some of the Roman holidays? | Circus Maximus and chariot racing Colosseum and gladiatorial games Pantheon a temple for all Roman gods and goddesses |
| aqueducts | artificial channels for carrying water |
| lingua franca | means common language |
| what was the lingua franca of rome? | latin |
| Some roman languages were... | Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian...smaller and easier to learn than English and Greek |
| name some poets/writers | Cicero, Ovid, Horace, Virgil, Livy, Tacitus |
| Cicero | a senator who published his speeches |
| Ovid | wrote metamorphoses which describes the creation/history of the world (couplets) |
| Horace | wrote Odes, about the shortness of life/rewards of companionship |
| Virgil | wrote Aeneid about Trojan heroes that founded rome----traveled with Octavian |
| Livy | wrote positive history of Rome |
| Tacitus | wrote negative history of Rome |
| what did the early Romans worship | nature spirits |
| adopted many of the Greek... | gods and goddesses |
| What is a sect | a sub-group |
| messiah | a deliverer chosen by God |
| Torah | the holy book of the Jews |
| Jesus | Jew was born in Nazareth, messiah |
| disciples | followers |
| parables | symbolic stories |
| What happened in Palestine | Roman officials felt that such strong feelings could endanger Roman rule in the area |
| Pontius Pilate | Roman governor who punished jesus |
| crucified | hung on a cross to die |
| christos | the latin word for messiah thus Christians |
| paul | preacher, his writings plus Gospels are in the New Testament |
| Peter | leader of the apostles and he founded/built many churches |
| martyrs | people who would rather die than give up their beliefs |
| Constantine | as general, saw the "burning cross" as emperor, considered himself the "protector of Christians" issued the Edict of Milan~allowing religious freedom |
| Theodosius | made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire |
| Augustine | wrote one of the worlds first autobiographies Confessions- his conversion to Christianity City of God- first history of humanity from Christian point of view |
| parish | local gathering of Christians led by a priest |
| diocese | collection of several parishes lead by a bishop |
| patriarch | bishops of the five leading cities; Jeruselum, Constantinople, Rome, Alexandria, and Antioch |
| pope | head of all the churches, latin for papa |
| latin based church | roman catholic church |
| greek based church | eastern orthodox church |
| after Marcus Aurelius' death... | there was a period of unrest |
| Commodus | M.A.'s 19 year old son began reign as emperor great warrior who won 1031 battles(rigged) modeled after greek hero Hercules renamed rome-"Colony of Commodus" -Commodians troops killed him when Rome nearly bankrupt |
| Period of unrest | political instability, 28 emperors appointed by the military between 92-284AD, Romes military is fighting each other, Germanic tribes are attacking/invading along northern frontiers, farmland destroyed and production and trade of goods is disrupted |
| governments reaction to the period of unrest... | minted coins which caused an inflation, raised taxes...farmers left lands...led to food short. |
| what leaders attempted reforms | Diocletian, Constantine, Theodosius |
| Diocletian | increased number of legions in northern borders, traveled through empire to oversee defenses, divided roman empire into 2 administrative units, with co-emperors Maximiam, issued Edict of prices that froze wages and set maximum prices for goods, |
| Constantine | supported and increased Diocletian's reforms issued edict of milan allowing religious freedom, made legal to chain workers, declared jobs hereditary, renamed capital in east from Byzantium to Constantinople |
| Theodosius | proclaimed that the Roman Empire would be split upon his death..permanently western empire=Roman empire eastern empire=Byzantine empire |
| why did the germanic tribes invade rome | warmer climate, grazing lands, wealth, fleeing the Huns |
| what did the tribes consist of | warriors, families, and chief |
| visigoths and their chief | Alaric sacked the city of rome |
| huns and their chief | Attila plundered the Italian peninsula but plague and famine took their toll |
| Vandals and their chief | Odoacer seized the city of rome from Romulus Augustus, the last emperor, Odoacer proclaimed himself king of Italy in 476AD, official end of Roman empire |
| what was the legacy of Rome | Latin language, Roman laws, Christian Church |
Created by:
Emily9023
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