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Medical Term 5 & 6
Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hypertension | High Blood Pressure |
| Hypotension | Low Blood Pressure |
| Auscultation | Listening to sounds within body by using stethoscope |
| Palpitations | Pounding, racing heartbeat |
| Murmur | Abnormal heart sound |
| Stethoscope | Instrument for listening to body sounds, such as chest, heart, or intestines |
| Plaque | Yellow, fatty deposit of lipids in artery |
| Stent | Stainless steel tube placed within blood vessel or duct to widen lumen |
| Holter Monitor | Portable ECG monitor worn by patient for a period of a few hours to a few days to assess heart and pulse activity as person goes through activities of daily living |
| Cardioverter | Shocking someone |
| Bradycardia | Slow heart |
| Tachycardia | Fast heart |
| Angina Pectoris | Severe chest pain with sensation of constriction around heart |
| Congestive Heart Failure | Pathological condition of heart in which there is reduced outflow of blood from left side of heart; results in weakness, breathlessness, and edema |
| Coronary Artery Disease | Insufficient blood supply to heart muscle due to obstruction of one or more coronary arteries |
| Cardiac Arrest | When heart stops beating and circulation ceases |
| Bundle Branch Block | Occurs when electrical impulse is blocked from traveling down bundle of His or bundle branches; results in ventricles beating at a different rate than atria; also called heart block |
| Heart Valve Prolapse | Cusps or flaps of heart valve are too loose and fail to shut tightly, allowing blood to flow backwards through valve when heart Chambers contract; most commonly occurs in mitral valve, but may affect any of heart valves |
| Stenosis | An abnormal narrowing or contraction of a duct or canal |
| Thrombus | Blood clot |
| Embolus | Obstruction of blood vessel by blood clot that moves from another area |
| Fibrillation | Abnormal quivering or contractions of heart fibers |
| Aneurysm | Weakness in wall of artery that results in localized widening of artery |
| Lymphnodes | Small organs in lymphatic system that filters bacteria and other foreign organisms from body fluids |
| Axillary | Armpits |
| Inguinal | Groin |
| Cervical | Neck |
| Mediastinal | Chest |
| Septicemia | Having bacteria in blood stream |
| Leukemia | Cancer of WBC-forming bone marrow; results in large number of abnormal WBCs circulating in blood |
| Hemophilia | Hereditary blood disease in which there is a prolonged blood clotting time |
| Thalassemia | Genetic disorder in which person is unable to make functioning hemoglobin; results in anemia |
| -penia | Abnormal decrease, too few |
| -cytosis | More than the normal number of cells |
| -poiesis | Formation |
| -pexy | Surgical fixation |
| -otomy | Cutting into |
| -plasty | Surgical repair |
| -ectomy | Surgical removal |
| Hemostasis | To stop bleeding or stagnation of circulating blood |
| Coagulate | Convert liquid to gel or solid, as in blood coagulation |
| Polycythemia vera | Production of too many red blood cells in bone marrow |
| Hemologous transfusion | Replacement of blood by transfusion of blood received from another person |
| Autologous transfusion | Procedure for collecting and storing a patient's own blood several weeks prior to the actual need |
| Anaphylactic shock | Life threatening condition resulting from ingestion of food or medications that produce severe allergic response |
| Antihistamine | Substance that acts to control allergic symptoms by counteracting histamine |
| Thrombolytic | Able to dissolve existing blood clots |
| C&S | Culture and sensitivity |
| Hematocrit | Blood test to measure volume of red blood cells within total volume of blood |
| Pro time (PT) | Measurement of time it takes for sample of blood to coagulate |
| CSD | Congenital septal defect |
| Bpm | Beats per minute |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| BP | Blood pressure |
| GVHD | Graft versus host disease |
| PCP | Pneumocystis pneumonia |
| KS | Kaposi's sarcoma |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent essay |
| Endocardium | The inner layer of the heart |
| Myocardium | Muscular middle layer of the heart |
| Epicardium | The outer layer of the heart |
| Sinoatrial node | Pacemaker |
| Pulmonary artery | Large artery that carries deoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lung |
| Pulmonary vein | Large vein that returns oxygenated blood from lungs to let atrium |
| Aorta | Largest artery in body; located in mediastinum and carries oxygenated blood away from left side of heart |
| Vena cava | The large vein that drains directly into the heart after gathering incoming blood from the entire body |
| Arterial | Pertaining to artery |
| Arteriole | Smallest branch of arteries; carries blood to capillaries |
| Venule | Smallest veins; received deoxygenated blood leaving capillaries |
| Cardiomegaly | Abnormally enlarged heart |
| Myocardial | Pertaining to heart muscle |
| Hemorrhage | Blood flow, escape of blood from a blood vessel |
| Leukocyte | White blood cell |
| Erythrocyte | Red blood cell |
| Throbocyte | Also called platelets; play critical part in blood-clotting process by agglutinating into small clusters and releasing thrombokinase |
| Splenomegaly | Enlargement of spleen |
| AB blood | Universal recipient |
| O blood | Universal donor |
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