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Ch. 9 Skeletal Mus.
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a dense layer of collagen fibers, surrounds entire muscle | epimysium |
| a fibrous layer that divides the skeletal muscle into a series of compartments. | perimysium |
| bundle of muscle fibers | muscle fascicle |
| delicate C.T. that surrounds the individual skeletal muscle cells | endomysium |
| stem cells that function in the repair of damaged muscle tissue | myosatellite cells |
| collagen fibers of the C.T. layers merge to to form a bundle | tendon |
| multinucleate cell | myoblast |
| plasma membrane in skeletal muscle fibers | sarcolemms |
| cytoplasm surrounding the myofibrils | sarcoplasm |
| dense region of the sarcomere that contains thick filaments | A bands |
| contains thin filaments but no thick filaments, extends from A band of one sarcomere to the A band of the next | I band |
| repeating functional units | sarcomeres |
| lighter region on either side of the M line | H band |
| connects the central portion of each thick filament | M line |
| mark the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres | Z line |
| proteins that interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres | actinins |
| narrow tubes that are continuous with the sarcolema and extend into the sarcoplasm at tight angles to the cell surface | T tubules |
| forms a tubular network around each individual myofibril | sarcoplasmic reticulum SR |
| a graph of tension developing in muscle fibers | myogram |
| begins at stimulation and typically lasts about 2msec. muscle fibers doesnt produce tension | latent period |
| tension rises to a peak | contraction phase |
| calium levels are falling, acitve sites are being covered by tropomyosin, and number of cross-bridges is declining | relaxation phase |
| tension rises like the steps in a staircase | treppe |
| all the muscle fibers controlled by a single motor neuron | motor unit |
| motor units are activated on a rotating basis, some resting and some are active | asynchronous motor unit summation |
| resting tension in a skeletal muscle | muscle tone |
| tension rises and the skeletal muscle's length changes | isotonic contraction |
| load is greater thatn the peak tension the muscle will elongate | eccentric contraction |
| muscle as a whole does not change length, and the tension produced never exceeds the load | iosmetric contraction |
| anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate in the cytoplasm of the cell | glycolysis |
| normally provides about 95% of the ATP demands of a resting cell | Aerobic metabolism |
| high-energy component muscles store | creatine phosphate CP |
| can no longer perform at the required level of activity | fatigue |
| shuffling lactate to the liver and of glucose back to muscle cells | Cori cycle |
| amount of oxygen required to restore normal, pre-exertion conditions | oxygen debt or excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) |
| most skeletal fibers in body called..... can reach peak twitch tension in .01 sec | fast fibers |
| only have about half the diameter as fast fibers take three times longer to reach peak tension after stimulation | slow fibers |
| fibers that contain little myoglobin and are relatively pale; resemble fast fibers | intermediate fibers |
| enlargement of the stimulated muscle | hypertrophy |
| reduction of muscle size,tone, and power | atrophy |
| virus attacks motor neurons in the spinal cord and brin, causing muscular atrophy and paralysis (loss of movement) | polio |
| occurs throughout body, beginning with the smaller muscles of the face, neck, and arms. typically begins 2-7 hours after death and disappears after 1-6 days | rigor mortis |
Created by:
codemanj13
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