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chapter 16
key terms and people
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A sailing vessel that uses square and triangular sails to help it sail against the wind. | Caravel |
| to proceed completely around | Circumnavigation |
| Prince of Portugal and patron of exploration;he made voyages of discovery along the African coast | Henry the navigator |
| Portuguese navigator;in 1497-1524, he became the first European to sail around Africa and reach India by sea | Vasco da Gama |
| Italian explorer, sailing for Spain,who reached the Americas in 1492 while searching for a western sea route from Europe to Asia | Christopher Columbus |
| Portuguese navigator; his ships were the first to circumnavigate the globe, though he died on the journey | Ferdinand Magellan |
| English admiral; he rounded the trip of South America and explored the west coast. He ended up heading west to return to England, thus becoming the second man to circumnavigate the globe | Sir Frances Drake |
| English navigator; he sailed for the Dutch east India company and discovered the Hudson river in present-day New York | Henry Hudson |
| Spanish colonial system in which a colonist was given a certain amount of land and a number Native Americans to work the land in exchange for teaching the Native Americans Christianity | encomienda |
| A Spanish soldier and explorer who led military expeditions in the Americas and captured land for Spain | conquistador |
| the agreement between Spain and Portugal that created an imaginary north-south line dividing their territory in the Americas | Treaty of Tordesillas |
| Officials who ruled Spain's American empire | viceroys |
| Spanish conquistador;from 1519 to 1521, he defeated the Aztec empire, conquering Mexico for Spain | Hernan Cortez |
| Aztec ruler from 1502 to 1520, he was emperor of the Aztecs when Cortez and his army conquered the empire. He was taken prisoner and killed during battle with the Spanish army | Montezuma 11 |
| Spanish conquistador, conqueror of Peru; founder of Lima, Peru. from 1530 to 1533, he conquered the Inca empire | Francisco Pizarro |
| last Inca king; he was taken prisoner by Pizzaro and his army after refusing to accept Christianity and surrender his empire to Spanish conquistadors. he was killed by the Spanish and took over his empire | Atahualpa |
| Spanish missionary and historian; he sought to protect the native Americans from Spanish mistreatment by replacing them as laborers with important African slaves | Bartolome de las casas |
| the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas and Europe,Asia, and Africa beginning with the voyages of Columbus | Colombian exchange |
| an economic system used for about the 1500s to the 1700s that held that a nations power was directly related to its wealth | mercantilism |
| the difference in value between what a nation imports and exports over a period of time | balance of trade |
| grants of money | subsidies |
| economic system in which most businesses are privately owned | capitalism |
| businesses formed by groups of people ho jointly make an investment and share in profits and losses | joint-stock companies |
| large farms that usually specialized in the growing of one type of crop or profit | plantations |
| trading network lasting from the 1600s to the 1800s that carried goods and enslaved people between Europe, the Americas, and Africa | triangular trade |
| the name of the voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic ocean to north America and the west Indies | middle passage |
| the dispersal of people of African descent throughout the Americas and western Europe due to the slave trade | African diaspora |
| wrote about the horrible conditions of the middle passage | Olaudah Equiano |
Created by:
felixcruz
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