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Chapter 16 Vocab
Key Terms and People
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A sailing vessel that uses square and triangular sails to help it sail against the wind | Caravel |
| Prince of Portugal and patron of exploration; he made no voyages himself but spent his life directing voyages of discovery along the African coast | Henry the Navigator |
| Portuguese navigator; in 1497-1499, he became the first European to sail around African and reach India by sea | Vasco da Gama |
| Italian explorer, sailing for Spain, who reached the Americas in 1492 while searching for a western sea route from Europe to Asia | Christopher Columbus |
| Portuguese navigator; his ships were the first to circumnavigate the globe, though he died on the journey | Ferdinand Magellan |
| To proceed completely around | Circumnavigate |
| English admiral; he rounded the tip of South America and explored the west coast; second man to circumnavigate the globe | Sir Francis Drake |
| English navigator; he sailed for the Dutch East India Company and discovered the Hudson River in present day New York | Henry Hudson |
| Spanish colonial system in which a colonist was given a certain amount of land and a number of Native Americans to work the land in exchange for teaching the Native Americans Christianity | Encomienda |
| Spanish conquistador, from 1519 to 1521, he defeated the Aztec Empire, conquering Mexico for Spain | Hernan Cortes |
| A Spanish soldier and explorer who led military expeditions in the Americas and captured land for Spain | Conquistador |
| Aztec ruler from 1502-1520; he was the emperor of the Aztecs when Cortez and his army conquered the empire. He was taken prisoner and killed during battle with the Spanish army | Moctezuma II |
| Spanish conquistador; conqueror of Peru; founder of Lima, Peru. 1530-1533, he conquered the Inca empire | Fransisco Pizarro |
| Last Inca king; he was taken prisoner by Pizarro and his army after refusing to accept Christianity and surrender his empire to Spanish conquistadors | Atahualpa |
| Officials who ruled Spain's American empire | Viceroys |
| Spanish missionary and historian; he sought to protect Native Americans from Spanish mistreatment by replacing them as laborers with imported African slaves | Bartolome de Las Casas |
| The agreement between Spain and Portugal that created an imaginary north-south line dividing their territory in the Americas | Treaty of Tordesilla |
| The transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas and Europe, Asia, and Africa beginning with the voyages of Columbus | Colombian Exchange |
| An economic system used from about the 1500s to the 1700s that held a nation's power was directly related to its wealth | Mercantilism |
| The difference in value between what a nation imports and exports over a period of time | Balance of Trade |
| Grants of money | Subsidies |
| Economic system in which most business are privately owned | Capitalism |
| Businesses formed by groups of people who jointly make an investment and share in the profits and losses | Joint-Stock Companies |
| large farms that usually specialized in the growing of one type of crop for a profit | Plantation |
| Trading network lasting from the 1600s to the 1800s that carried goods and enslaved people between Europe, the Americas, and Africa | Triangular Trade |
| The name for voyages that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic ocean to North America and and the West Indies | Middle Passage |
| African American abolitionist; he was an enslaved African who was eventually freed, he became a leader of the abolitionist movement, and wrote "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano" | Olaudah Equiano |
| The dispersal of people of African descent throughout the Americas and western Europe due to the slave trade | African Diaspora |
Created by:
JoeyReid
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