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AP WH Chapter 6 FC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The idea that society was arranged into four ranked classes | Varna |
| priests whose rituals and sacrifices alone could ensure the proper functioning of the world | Brahmins |
| warriors and rulers charged with protecting and governing society | Kshatriya |
| commoners who cultivated the land | Vaisya |
| Which three classes were considered "pure Aryans"? | Brahmins, Kshatriya, Vaisya |
| native peoples incorporated into the margins of Aryan society | Sudras |
| According to ______ theory, four classes were formed from the body of the god Purusha | Varna |
| Which class in Ancient China was owning land a defining feature? | Landlord class |
| Wang Mang organized a launched a reform to counter what and benefit who? | The landlord class; the peasants |
| Highly educated and elite members of Ancient Chinese society | Scholar gentry class |
| What class made up the majority of China's population? | The peasants |
| The Yellow Turban Rebellion was a revolt by the _____ | peasants |
| A golden age of complete equality, social harmony, and common ownership of property | The Golden Age |
| Widely viewed as unproductive, making a shameful profit from selling the work of others | Merchant class |
| _____ were forbidden to wear silk, ride horses or carry arms in Ancient China | Merchants |
| Occupationally based groups that blended with the varna system to create India's caste based society | Jatis |
| In ______ society, people who worked "unclean" jobs such as skinning animals or handling corpses were considered ______ | Indian; "untouchables" |
| Being born in a particular caste was regarded as reflecting good or bad deeds | karma |
| Hope for rebirth in a higher caste based on faithful and selfless performance of one's present duties | Dharma (Not the Dharma Initiative) |
| India's social system was different from China's in that it gave more priority to ______ | Religion |
| India's caste based social system was very localized, which kept India from developing into a powerful ______ | Empire |
| ______ represented a means of accommodating the many migrating and invading peoples of other continents | Caste |
| India's caste system made exploitation of the poor by the wealthy easier. Why? | It made organized resistance much harder. |
| One scholar suggested that ________ ________ was the basis for slavery | Domesticating animals |
| War, patriarchy, and the notion of private property all contributed to ________ | The rise of slavery in the early civilizations |
| In all societies, slavery meant: | Ownership by a master, the possibility of being sold, working without any pay, and the status of an "outsider" |
| What civilizations practiced slavery? | Virtually all early civilizations practiced some form of slavery |
| In Greece and Rome, some slaves would become emancipated during their lifetime because of: | Generosity of religious conviction, to avoid caring for them in old age, or to purchase their freedom with their own funds |
| The social staus of children of slaves varied, such as: | In some societies, they inherited the social status of their parents, but were considered free people in some other societies |
| Slaves varied in the kind of work they were expected to do such as: | Some slaves worked for the state in high positions, some did domestic labor in the masters household, and others worked in fields and mines |
| Source of Greco-Roman slaves: | prisoners from Roman conquest; victims of pirate kidnapping; obtained through networks of slave trade; result of natural reproduction; abandoned children |
| Source of slaves in the 'Mericas: | transatlantic slave trade; prisoners of African wars, debtors, or criminals in African societies |
| Race of slaves: | Greco-Roman: Not a major factor Americas: Came to be associated with Africa and "blackness" |
| Granting freedom of Greco-Roman slaves: | Quite common; freed slaves received citizenship in Roman Empire but not Greece |
| Granting freedom to American slaves: | Much less common; freed slaves were feared and discriminated against in North America, not so much in Latin America |
| Roles/work of Greco-Roman slaves: | No distinction between slave and wage labor; slaves worked a wide variety of jobs |
| Roles/work of American slaves: | Majority worked as agricultural laborers on plantations; few held elite occupations |
| Fate of Greco-Roman slavery: | Gradually turned in to serfdom |
| Fate of American slavery: | Ended in nineteenth century as a result of slave rebellions, industrialization, and abolitionist movements |
| Although slaves in Greece could be granted freedom, they were forbidden to: | become citizens and gain legal rights, own land, or marry citizens |
| How much of the Roman Empire was made up of slaves by the time of Christ? | 2 to 3 million people, representing about 33-40% of the population |
| How did slave owners in the Roman Empire regard their slaves? | Slaves in the Roman Empire were seen as barbarians, and some people (such as Asiatic Greeks, Syrians, and Jews) were seen as slaves by nature |
| Some people used religion to excuse slavery, and thought that slavery was _______ | God's punishment for sin |
| Huge estates that produced grain, olive oil and wine were called | Latifundia (much like plantations in the Americas) |
| Slaves in the Roman empire worked diverse jobs such as: | teachers, doctors, entertainers, and actors |
| Slaves in the Roman Empire often had a more secure life than impoverished free people because: | slave owners were expected to provide slaves with the necessities for life |
| When a slave killed their master, Roman law demanded | The lives of all of the victim's slaves |
| Slave gladiator that led seventy other slaves from a school of gladiators | Spartacus |
| In all patriarchies: | men were considered dominant to women, and sons were preferred over daughters |
| The principle _____ is masculine, and related to heaven, rulers, strength, rationality, and light | yang |
| The principle _____ is feminine, and associated with earth, subjects, weakness, emotion, and darkness | yin |
| Women were considered inferior to men until the rise of _____, which urged traditionally feminine values | Daoism |
| How were women treated in Athens as opposed to Sparta? | Women in Athens were treated with a negative attitude, and were given little rights and many limitations |
| What kind of limitations were women in Athens given? | When dealing with legal matters, women had to be represented by a guardian, and were not referred to by name, but as someone's mother or wife |
| Which Greek philosopher was quick to justify women's exclusion from society? | Aristotle |
| When were Greek women permitted to leave the home? | For religious ceremonies and funerals; lower class women and prostitutes had to leave their homes to earn money |
| When were Athenian women married? | When they were in their mid-teens, usually to men ten to 15 years older than them |
| How did Sparta solve the problem of feeding a growing population? | By conquering neighboring civilizations; the people who were conquered were called helots |
| Why were boys removed from their homes at age seven in Sparta? | TO be trained as warriors to maintain the militaristic regime of Sparta |
Created by:
1213shelbybrown
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