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Urinary System Ch. 7
Medical Terminology Davi-Ellen Chabner 9th Edition Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CALI/O | CALYX |
| CYST/O | URINARY BLADDER |
| GLOMERUL/O | GLOMERULUS |
| MEAT/O | MEATUS |
| NEPHR/O | KIDNEY |
| PYEL/O | RENAL PELVIS |
| REN/O | KIDNEY |
| TRIGON/O | TIRGONE (region of the bladder) |
| URETER/O | URETER |
| URETHR/O | URETHRA |
| VESIC/O | URINARY BLADDER |
| ALBUMIN/O | ALBUMIN |
| AZOT/O | NITROGEN |
| BACTERI/O | BACTERIA |
| DIPS/O | THIRST |
| KAL/O | POTASSIUM |
| KET/O KETON/O | KETONE BODIES (ketoacids and acetone) |
| lith/o | stone |
| NATR/O | SODIUM |
| NOCT/O | NIGHT |
| OLIG/O | SCANTY |
| -POIETIN | SUBSTANCE THAT FORMS |
| PY/O | PUS |
| -TRIPSY | CRUSHING |
| UR/O | URINE (urea) |
| URIN/O | URINE |
| -URIA | URINATION, URINE CONDITION |
| glomerulonephritis | Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney |
| interstitial nephritis | inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules. |
| nephrolithiasis | kidney stones (renal calculi) |
| nephrotic syndrom (nephrosis) | group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss of urine. |
| polycystic kidney disease | multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma |
| renal call carcinoma (hypernephroma) | Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood |
| renal failure | kidney decreases excretion of waster as a result of impaired filtration function |
| renal hypertension | high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
| wilms tumor | malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood |
| bladder cancer | malignant tumor of the urinary bladder |
| diabetes insipidus | antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effects |
| diabetes mellitus | insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body |
| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | measurement of urea levels in blood |
| creatinine clearance | measurement of the rate at which creatine is cleared from the blood by the kidney |
| CT SCAN | X-RAY IMAGE SHOW MULTIPLE CROSS SECTIONAL AND OTHER VIEWS OF ORGANS AND TISSUES |
| KIDNEY, URETERS, AND BLADDER (KUB) | x-ray image (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters and bladder |
| renal angiography | x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney |
| retrograde pyelogram (RP) | x-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder. |
| voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) | x-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding |
| ultrasonography | Imaging of urinary tract structure using high-frequency sound waves |
| radioisotope scan | image of the kidney after injecting a radioactive substance (radioisotpe) into the bloodstream |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body |
| cystoscopy | direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope) |
| dialysis | process of separating nitrogenous wastes materials from the blood |
| lithotripsy | urinary tract stones are crushed |
| renal angioplasty | dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries |
| renal biopsy | removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination |
| renal transplantation | surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient |
| urinary catheterization | passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder |
| ADH | ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE |
| ARF | ACUTE RENAL FAILURE |
| CKD | CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE |
| CL- | CLORIDE |
| K+ | potassium |
| Na+ | sodium |
| Pyuria | pus |
| albuminuria | protein |
| hematuria | blood |
| gycosuria | sugar |
| ketonuria | ketones or acetones |
| bacteruria | bacteria |
| azotemia | excess nitrogenous waste in the blodstream |
| polydipsa | condition of much thirst |
| urinary incontinence | inability to hold urine in the bladder |
| enuresis | bed-wetting |
| urinary retention | inability to release urine from the bladder |
| ketosis | abnormal condition of ketone bodies (acids and acetones) in the blood and body tissues |
| sediment | abnormal particles present in the urine-cells, bacteria, casts, and crystals |
| phenylketonuria | high levels of this substance appear in urine when a baby is born with a defiecieny of an enzyme. The infant can become mentally retarded if not immediately put on a strict diet that prevents the substance from accumulating in the blood and urine |
| hematuria | smokey red color of urine caused by the presence of blood |
| pyuria | turbid (cloudy) urine caused by the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and pus____ |
| glycosuria | Sugar in the urine, a symptom of diabetes mellitus and a result of hyperglycemia |
| pH | the urine test reflects the acidity or alkalinity of the urine |
| ketonuria | high levels of acids and acetones accumulate in the urine as a result of abnormal fat breakdown. |
| bilirubinuria | Dark pigment that accumulate in the urine as a result of abnormal fat breakdown |
| specific gravity | the urine test reflects the concentration of the urine |
| albuminuria | leaky glomeruli can produce a accumulation of protein in the urine |
| essential hypertension | idiopathic high blood pressure |
| edema | swelling, fluid in tissues |
| stricture | narrowed area in a tube |
| abscess | collection of pus |
| diabetes mellitus | inadequate secretion of insulin or improper utilization of insulin leads to this condition |
| secondary hypertension | high blood pressure caused by kidney disease or another disease |
| catheter | tube for withdrawing or giving fluid |
| diabetes insipidus | inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone |
| nephroptosis | prolapse of a kidney |
| renal colic | severe pain resulting from a stone that is blocking a ureter or a kidney |
| nephrectomy | excision of a kidney |
| nephrolithotomy | surgical incision into a kidney to remove a stone |
| cystoscopy | visual examination of the urinary bladder via endoscope |
| lithotripsy | crushing of stones |
| ureteroilestomy | new opening of the ureters to a segment of ileum (in place of the bladder) |
| urethroplasty | surgical repair of the urethra |
| nephrostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the kidney (via catheter) from the outside of the body |
| cystostomy | surgical formation of an opening from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| csytectomy | removal of the urinary bladder |
| ureterolithotomy | incision of a ureter to remove a stone |
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