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Hist. Ancient Greece

flashcards all about the History of Ancient Greece

QuestionAnswer
776 First Olympics in Olympia; Greeks Colonize - city states develop - Persian Empire increases in power and size
500-479 Persian Wars; Marathon- Runner named Pheidippides
480 Salamis- sea battle- Greeks win; Thermopylae 200,000 Persians vs 7,000 Greeks including 300 Spartans
479 Plataea- Spartans defeated Persians on plain of Plataea
461-429 Golden Age of Greece
431-404 Peloponnesian Wars
356-323 Alexander the Great
Danger of Helot Revolt---> Sparta becomes military state
Danger of revolution among poverty-stricken farmers---> Athens becomes a democracy
Invasion by Persian Armies---> Moved Sparta and Athens alike to their greatest glory
Battle of Marathon a battle in 490 BC in which the Athenians and their allies defeated the Persians.
Significance of the battle at Salamis Spartans defeated the Persians and 1/3 of their fleet
Results and effects of the Persian wars Greek states got confidence; Athens became the Capitol; drove Persians out of their territories; created a powerful navy
Causes of the Peloponnesian War Tension built up for years; war was inevitable; each side pressed for war to begin; both sides thought they had advantages
Effects of the Peloponnesian War After 27 years of war, Athens lost its empire, wealth, and power; confidence in democratic government began; did not stick to political program.
Why was the Parthenon built? dwelling place for Athena to live and be worshiped in.
What are the Parthenon's special architectural characteristics? The Pediments at either end of the building, along with the frieze that ran all the way around it, were decorated with sculpture. The roof was covered with marble tiles.
Why were the Athenians able to accomplish building the Parthenon so quickly? This wasn't the first temple to be built and it was relatively plain including many same things being put in the same order.
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