click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit1 APHG
Geography : Its nature and perspectives
Terms | Definitions | Examples |
---|---|---|
Fieldwork | the study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places. | going somewhere to get information about that place. |
physical geography | one of the major divisions of systematic geography; the spacial analysis of the structure, processes, and location of the Earth natural phenomena , such as climate, soil, plants, animals, and topography. | North America |
medical geography | The study of health and disease within a geographic context, and from a geographical perspective among other things, medical geography looks as sources, diffusion roues, and distribution of diseases. | Cholera outbreak |
pandemic | an outbreak of disease that spreads world wide | HIV virus |
epidemic | regional outbreak of a disease. | chlorea |
five themes of geography | Developed by Geography Educational National Implementation Project (GENIP). Location, human environment, region, place, and movement. | Human Environment |
location theory | An attempt the locational pattern of an economic activity and the manner its producing areas are interrelated . | the Von Thunen model |
sense of place | State of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occured in that place, or by labeling a place with at certain character. | I'd rather live in Indiana because I have memories and family there, rather than moving to Alabama. |
perception of place | Belief or " understanding" about a place developed through books, movies, stories, or movies. Belief or "understanding" about a place developed through books, movies, stories, and pictures. | People see California as a hot place where movie stars live because of books, movies, stories, and T.V. |
accessibility | The degree of ease with which it s possible to reach a certain location from other locations. Accessibility varies from place to place and can not be measured. To have access to. | Transfer from place to place. |
connectivity | The degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network. | Elk Grove village and Chicago |
cultural landscape | The visible impact of human activity and culture on the landscape. The layers of buildings forms, and artifacts, sequentially imprinted on the landscape by the activities of various human occupants. | Dams on rivers |
sequent occupance | The notation that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributes to the cumulative cultural landscape | dar - es - salaam |
reference maps | maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude | 1.9 (most seen) |
thematic maps | maps that tell stories | figure 1.7 (where Pennsylvanian students prefer to live) |
GPS ( Global Positioning System ) | Satellite based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features | used in cars for directions |
Geocaching | a hunt for a cache, the GPS coordinates which are placed on the internet by other geochachers | GPS'S = that's how they set info/ maps |
mental maps | image or picture of the ways to get to a place. it's memorized | like how you memorize and know how to get from and to class to class. |
activity spaces | the space within which daily activities occur | school, home, etc. |
GIS ( Geographic Information System ) | a collection of computer and software hardware that permits spatial data to be recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user | |
Remote sensing | a method of collecting data or info through the use of instruments that are physically distant from the area or object of study | satellites in space |
formal region | a region defined by the practices set of activities or interactions that occur within it | |
perceptual region | a region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity | The U.S.; "the south" and "the mid Atlantic region" are perceptual regions |
functional region | defined by a particular set of activities/ interactions that occur within it | |
culture trait / complex | the view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over allot of aspects to human life, including cultural development also referred to s environmentalism | dress codes/ looking etc. |
cultural hearth | heartland, source, and innovation center; places of origin of a major culture | Africa is the origin of braids Jamaca is the origin of dred locks |
distance decay | effects of distance on interaction generally the greater distance. the less interaction | Jiggalation = people outside of Indiana don;t really know it. |
cultural barriers | prevailing culture behavior rendering certain innovations ideas or practices vaccatable in other particular cultures | |
contagious diffusion | distance controlled spreading of an idea, innovation other item through a local population; by contact from person to person | an illness |
hierarchical diffusion | diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first along the most connected place and people | a bag of chips or candy at Arlington is first shared among those near you in that class. But them it somehow is spread round the whole school |
Stimulus diffusion | which cultural adaption is created as a reflect of the introduction of a culture trait | dealing with the pain of having a perm or getting braids. we have adapted to it. |
relocation diffusion | sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carrier agents as they evaluate the old areas and relocate to new ones | migrating population |
environmental determinism | ||
isotherms | lines connecting points of equal temperature values as a key factor in the shifting centers of power in ancient world | |
possibilism | geographic viewpoint- a response to determinism that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the cultural development. | |
cultural ecology | the multiple interactions and relationships between a culture and the natural environment | |
political ecology | an approach to studying nature- society relations that is concerned with the ways in which environmental issues both reflect, and are the result of, the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated. | |
human geography | one of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of human population, its cultures. activities, and landscapes. |