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World History C 3
Ancient China and India
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the term for the large landmass in southern Asia that includes India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh? | subcontinent |
| This is the zone in greater India that has two major rivers supporting extensive farming. | Gangetic Plain |
| What is the term for the zone in central India that is a raised plain too dry for farming? | Deccan Plateau |
| What is the term for the winds that bring dry air in the winter and rains in the summer? | Monsoons |
| What are the two most important cities of ancient Indian civilization? | Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro |
| What advancement were ancient Indian cities known for? | excellent plumbing |
| Why do archaeologists believe the Harappan civilization had strong, organized governments? | The cities were planned |
| Who migrated to India in 1500 B.C.? | Aryans |
| What were the four Varnas the Aryans divided their society into? | Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Sudras |
| What were Brahmans? | priests |
| What were Kshatriyas? | warriors |
| What were Vaisyas? | merchants, artisans, and landowners |
| What were Sudras? | peasants |
| What was the name for people who were kept out of the Varnas? | Untouchables or Pariahs or Harijan |
| What kind of religion did the Aryans practice? | polytheistic |
| What was the name of the storm god who was the chief leader of the gods? | Indra |
| What is the name for the early sacred teachings of Aryan India? | Vedas |
| What term is used for the single spiritual force in everything in Indian belief? | brahman |
| What do we call religious people who practiced yoga and meditation? | mystics |
| What is the term for blending of cultures between two groups (like Aryans and Dravidians)? | acculturation |
| What is the oldest of the Vedas? | Rig Veda |
| What is the Hindu term for soul? | atman |
| What is the HIndu term for union with the universal spiritual force of brahman? | moksha |
| What is the term used to describe the Hindu concept of Samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth in another form? | reincarnation |
| What is the Hindu term for the effect a person's actions have on their future life/lives? | karma |
| What is the Hindu term for religious and moral duties? | dharma |
| What do you have to do to reach moksha? | You follow your dharma to get good karma so that through samsara you might reach moksha. |
| What is the downside to varnas? | social inequality |
| What is the upside to varnas? | social stability, sense of identity |
| What did Siddharta Gautama want to find out? | Why people suffer |
| What does the Buddha mean? | Enlightened One |
| What do we call the following: Life is suffering - suffering is caused by desire - to end desire is to end suffering - follow the eightfold path to end desire | Four Noble Truths |
| What does the Eightfold Path include? | rules for right actions and thoughts as well as meditation |
| What is the Buddhist goal? | nirvana |
| What is nirvana? | union with the universe and the end of individual existence |
| Hinduism emphasizes rituals and gods. What does Buddhism emphasize? | self-knowledge and meditation |
| What social mechanism does Buddhism reject? | varnas |
| Where did Buddhism spread? | mainly to China, Korea, Japan, and Southeast Asia |
| Who created the first empire in India? | Chandragupta Maurya |
| Which Mauryan king spread Buddhism throughout Asia? | Asoka |
| What dynasty represents the Indian Golden Age from 320 to 540 A.D.? | Gupta |
| Where was the greatest university of the Gupta period? | Nalanda |
| What mathematic achievement did the Gupta make? | the decimal system |
| What ended the Gupta Dynasty? | nomadic invasion |
| What were the focus of daily life in ancient India? | village, family, and varna |
| What term is used for families where parents, children,and grandparents live together? | joint family |
| What is the term for a payment to a bridegroom that shows the low status of women in ancient India? | dowry |
| What do we call the yellow soil carried by the Huang (Yellow) river to fields in China? | loess |
| What do some believe is the explanation for the rise of government in China? | need to control flooding |
| What was the first historical dynasty in China? | Shang Dynasty |
| What military innovation helped the Shang dominate? | chariots |
| Who overthrew the Shang? | Zhou Dynasty |
| How did Chinese leaders explain the overthrow of dynasties? | Loss of the Mandate of Heaven |
| What political and economic practice did the Zhou use? | feudalism |
| What ended the Zhou dynasty? | in-fighting between warlords |
| Who developed a philosohy that emphasized the Five Relationships as a cure for social and political problems? | Confucius |
| What are the Five Relationships? | Father to Son, Elder Brother to Younger Brother, Emperor to Subject, Friend to Friend, Husband to Wife |
| How many of the Five Relationships included women? | 1 |
| Which philosophy emphasized harmony with nature and downplayed ambition? | Daoism |
| Who founded Daoism? | Laozi |
| What cloth was long a monopoly of China? | silk |
| What objects are the oldest evidence of Chinese writing? | Oracle Bones |
| What is the term for artistic writing that was emphasized in China? | calligraphy |
| Who founded the Qin Dynasty in 221 B.C.? | Qin Shi Huangdi |
| What philosophy that focused on strength was advanced by Qin Rulers? | Legalism |
| Why did the Qin replace feudal rulers with court officials; standardize weights, measures, coins, and even language; and repress beliefs other than Legalism? | to centralize rule and unify China |
| What Dynasty replaced the Qin Dynasty and what is the name of its most famous emperor? | Han and Han Wudi |
| what became the official belief system in Han China? | Confucianism |
| What do we call Han Wudi's policy of increasing China's territory? | expansionism |
| What do we call the Han Bureaucracy that used tests to determine who should get government jobs rather than just family influence? | a Civil Service |
| What did Chinese bureaucrats get tested over? | the Five Classics |
| What did the Han invent? | suspension bridges, sternpost rudder, paper |
| What do we call the Chinese therapy that uses needles and pressure-points? | acupuncture |
| What ended the Han Dynasty? | in-fighting between warlords |
| How long did the Qin Dynasty last? | about 20 years |
| How lond did the Han Dynasty last? | about 400 years |
| What do we call groups of families that claim a common ancestor? | clans |
Created by:
Mr McNair
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