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Bonewit chpt 8

The Gynecologic Examination and Prenatal Care- Candace Oty

QuestionAnswer
Abortion The termination of the pregnancy before the form reaches the age of viability (20 weeks).
Adnexal Adjacent
Amenorrhea The absence or cessation of the the menstrual period. Amenorrhea occurs normally before puberty, during pregnancy and after menopause.
Atypical Deviation from the normal.
Braxton Hicks contractions Intermittent and irregular painless uterine contractions that occur throughout pregnancy. They occur more frequently toward the end of pregnancy and are sometimes mistaken for true labor pains.
Cervix The lower narrow end of the uterus that opens into the vagina.
Colposcopy Examination if the cervix using a coloscope ( a light instrument with a magnifying lens).
Cytology The science that deal with the study of cells, including their origin, structure, function, and patholgy.
Dilation ( of the cervix) The stretching of the external os from an opening a few millimeters wide to an opening large enough to allow the passage of an infant. (approximately 10cm)
Dysmenorrhea Pain associated with the menstrual period.
Dyspareunia Pain in the vagina or pelvis experience by a women during sexual intercourse.
Dysplasia The growth of abnormal cells. Dysplasia is a precancerous condition that may or may not develop into cancer.
Ectocervix The part of the cervix that projects into the vagina and is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.
Effacement The thinning and shortening of the cervical canal from its normal length of 1-2 cm to a structure with paper-thin edges in which there is no canal at all. Occurs late in the pregnancy, during labor, or both.
Embryo The child in utero from the time of conception to the beginning of the first trimester.
Endocervix The mucous membrane lining the cervical canal.
Engagement The entrance of the fetal head or the presenting part into the pelvic inlet.
Expected date of birth (EDD) Projected birth day of the infant
External os The opening of the cervical canal of the uterus into the vagina.
Fetal heart rate The number of times per minute the fetal heart beats.
Fetal heart tones The sounds of the heartbeat of the fetus heard through the mothers' abdominal wall.
Fetus The child in utero from the third month after conception to birth; during the first 2 months of development, it is called an embryo.
Fundus The dome-shaped upper portion of the uterus between the fallopian tubes.
Gestation The period of intrauterine development from conception to birth; the period of pregnancy. The average pregnancy lasts about 280 days, or 40 weeks, from the date of conception to childbirth.
Gestational age The age of the fetus between conception and birth.
Gravidity The total number of pregnancies a women has had regardless o duration, including a current pregnancy.
Gynecology The branch of medicine that deals with the disease of reproductive organs of women.
Infant A child from birth to 12 months of age.
Internal os The internal opening of the cervical canal into the uterus.
Lochia A discharge from the uterus after delivery that consists of blood, tissue, white blood cells, and some bacteria.
Menopause The permanent cessation of mensuration, which usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55.
Menorrhagia Excessive bleeding during a menstruation period, in the number of days or the amount of blood or both. Also called dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)
Metrorrhagia Bleeding between menstrual period.
Multigravida A woman who has been pregnant more than once.
Multipara A woman who has completed two or more pregnancies to the age to fetal viability regardless of whether they ended in live or stillbirths.
Nullipara A woman who has not carried a pregnancy to the point of fetal viability (20 weeks of gestation)
Obstetrics The branch of medicine concerned with the care of the woman during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartal period.
Parity The condition of having borne offspring regardless of the outcome.
Perimenopause Before the onset of menopause, the phase during which the women with regular periods changes to irregular cycles and increase periods of amenorrhea
Perineum The region between the vaginal orifice and the anus in a female and between the scrotum and the anus in a male.
Position The relation of the presenting part of the fetus to the maternal pelvis.
Postpartum Occurring after childbirth.
Preeclampsia A major complication of pregnancy, the cause of which is unknown, characterized by increasing hypertension, albuminuria, and edema.
Prenatal Before birth
Presentation Indication of the part of the fetus that is closed to the cervix and is delivered first. A cephalic presentation is a delivery in which that fatal head is present against the cervix. Breech presentation when buttocks or feet present at cervix.
Preterm birth Delivery occurring between 20 and 37 weeks of gestation regardless if whether the child was born alive or stillborn.
Primigravida A women who is pregnant for the first time.
Primipara A women who has carried a pregnancy to fetal viability (20weeks of gestation) for the first time regardless of whether the infant was stillborn or alive at birth.
Puerperium The period of time, usually 4 to 6 weeks after delivery, in which the uterus and the body system are returning to normal.
Quickening The first movement of the fetus in utero as felt by the mother, which usually occur between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation and are felt consistently thereafter.
Risk factor Anything that increase an individuals chance of developing disease. Some risk factors (smoking) can be avoided, but others cannot (age and family history).
Term birth Delivery occurring after 37 weeks of gestation regardless of whether the infant was born alive or stillborn.
Toxemia A condition that can occur in pregnant women that include preeclampsia and eclampsia. If preeclampsia goes undiagnosed or is not satisfactorily controlled, it could develop into eclampsia, characterized by convulsions and coma.
Trimester Three months, or one third, of the gestational period of pregnancy.
Vulva The region of the external female genital organs.
Created by: candaceoty
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