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Bonewit Chapt 8
The Gynecologic Examination & Prenatal Care - Brooklyn Burns
Question | Answer |
---|---|
abortion | the termination of the pregnancy before the fetus reaches the age of viability (20 weeks) |
adnexal | adjacent |
amenorrhea | the absence/cessation of the menstrual period. amenorrhea occurs normally before puberty, during pregnancy, and after menopause |
Atypical | deviation from the normal |
Braxton hicks contractions | intermittent/irregular painless uterine contractions that occur throughout pregnancy, occur more frequently towards the end of pregnancy& sometimes mistaken for true labor pains |
cervix | the lower narrow end of the uterus that opens into the vagina |
colposcopy | examination of the cervix using a colposcope |
cytology | the science that deals with the study of cells, including their origin, structure, function, and pathology |
dilation (of the cervix) | the stretching of the external os from an opening a few millimeters wide to an opening large enough to allow the passage of an infant. |
dysmenorrhea | pain associated with the menstrual period |
dyspareunia | pain in the vagina or pelvis experienced by a women during sexual intercourse |
dysplasia | the growth of abnormal cells, may or may not develop into cancer |
ectocervix | the part of the cervix that projects into the vagina and is lined with stratified squamous epithelium |
effacement | thinning&shortening of the cervical canal from its normal length of 1-2cm to a structure with paper-thin edges in which there is no canal at all. |
embyro | the child in utero from the time of conception to the beginning of the first trimester. |
endocervix | the mucous membrane lining the cervical canal |
angagement | the entrance of the fetal head or the presenting part into the pelvic inlet. |
EDD expected date of delivery | projected birth date of the infant |
external opening (os) | the opening of the cervical canal of the uterus into the vagina |
fetal heart rate | number of times per minute the fetal heart beats |
fetal heart tones | the sounds of the heartbeat of the fetus heard through the mothers abdominal wall |
fetus | the child in utero from the third month after conception to birth, first 2 months its called embryo |
fundus | the dome-shaped upper potion of the uterus between the fallopain tubes |
gestation | period of intrauterine development from conception the birth, average pregnancy ;lasts about 280 days/ 40 weeks. |
gestational age | the age of the fetus between conception and birth |
gravidity | the ttal number of pregnancies a women has had regardless of duration, including a current pregnancy |
gynecology | the branch of medicine that deals with the diseases of reproductive organs of women |
infant | a child from birth to 12 months of age |
internal os | the internal opening of the cervical canal into the uterus |
menopause | the permenent cessation of menstruation, which usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55 |
menorrhagia | excessive bleeding during mestrual period, in the number of days or the amount of blood or both. |
metrorrhagia | bleeding between menstrual periods |
multigravida | a women who has been pregnant more than once |
multipara | a women who has completes two or more pregnancies to the age of fetal viability regardless of weather they ended in live infants or stillbirths |
nullipara | a women who has not carried a pregnancy to the point of fetal viability (20 weeks) |
obstetrics | the branch of medicine concerned with the care of the woman during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartal period |
parity | the condition of having borne offspring reglardless of the outcome |
perimenopause | before the onset of menopause; the phase during which the woman with regular periods changes to irregular cycles & increased periods of amenorrhea |
perineum | the external region between the vagiinal orifice & the anus in a female & between the scrotum & the anus in a male |
position | the relation of the presenting part of the fetus to the maternal pelvis |
postpartum | occuring after child birth |
preeclampsia | a major complication of pregnancy; the cause of which is unknown, characterized by increasing hypertension, albuminuria, and edema; may develop into eclampsia; occurs between the 20th week of pregnancy & the end of the first week postpartum. |
prenatal | before birth |
presentation | indication of the part of the fetus that is closes to the cervix & is delivered first; cephalic means the fetal head is presenting against the cervix; breech means the buttocks or feet are presented instead of the head |
preterm birth | delivery occurring between 20 and 37 weeks of gestation regardless of wether the child was born alive or stillborn |
primigravida | a women who is pregnant for the first time |
primipara | a woman who has carried a pregnancy to fetal viability (20 weeks of gestation) for the first time, regardless of whether the infant was stillborn or alive at birth |
puerperium | the period of time, usually 4 to 6 weeks after deliver, in which the uterus and the body systems are returning to normal |
quickening | the first movements of the fetus in utero as felt by the mother, which usually occurs between 16 & 20 weeks of gestation; then consistently felt thereafter |
risk factor | anything that increases an individual's chance of developing a disease |
term birth | delivery occurring after 37 weeks of gestation regardless of whether the infant was born alive or stillborn |
toxemia | a condition that can occure in pregnant comen that includes preeclampsia and eclampsia |
trimester | three months, or one third, of the gestational period of pregnancy |
vulva | the region of the external female genital organs |