7th Chapter Word Scramble
S U L M C E S
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| Question | Answer |
| What do the frontal muscles control? | The raising of the eyebrows, wrinkles the skin in the forehead. |
| Sensation of the muscle is sensed the what lobes? | The parietal lobes. |
| Na+ rushes into the cell and _________ it, causes a __________ of changes. | Depolorizes, Reversal. |
| Aponeuriosa is what? | It is a flat, sheet like tendon. |
| Sarcolemma depolarization cause the sarcolemma to become more __________ to Na+. | Permiable. |
| What causes theremogensis? | Friction and decomposition reaction. |
| At rest the sarcolemma is what? | Polarized. |
| Adduction is what? | Bringing the part to the midline. |
| Muscle sense is sensed by what? | Stretch receptors. (muscle spinal fibers, proprioceptors, GTOs) |
| What carries O2 in the blood? | Hemoglobin. |
| Muscle sense is the awareness of what? | Position of the muscle and thus joint. |
| Sacomere is contractile units in the what? | Muscle fiber. |
| What can muscle sense detect? | Changes in the length of the muscle. |
| Ach causes what kind of impulse in the sarcolemma? | Electrical. |
| What are the names of the muscle relationships? | 1. Protagonist. 2. Antagonist.3. Synergist |
| The Buccinar muscle controls what? | It pulls the corner of the mouth laterally. |
| The inside of the sarcolemma is ________. | Negative. |
| Is ATP long or short lasting? | Short. |
| Lateral flexion is what? | Side bending |
| What are the 3 calf muscle names? | Gastrocnemeus, soleus, plantaris. |
| Plantar flexion is what? | Increasing angle of the ankle joint. |
| What does myoglobin contain? | Contains iron which binds the O2. and it makes the muscle red. |
| Circumduction is moving in a _____________ motion without rotation. | Circular. |
| What is recovery O2 uptake. | When breathing to supply the oxygen required by the liver to detoxify lactic acid. |
| Some of the names for the neuromuscular junction are? | Axon terminal, synaptic knob and motor end plate |
| This is the junction between the axon terminal and the muscle fiber sarcolemma. | Synapse. |
| What carries O2 in the muscle? | Myoglobin. |
| What is the origin? | It is where the muscle originates. |
| The enlarged end of the motor neuron is the what? | The axon terminal |
| Inversion is the tilting of what? | The foot/ankle medially. |
| What is Thermogensis? | Heat production form the normal muscle metabolism. |
| Muscle fiber is what? | Microscopic structure. (Muscle cell) |
| What is the description of protagonist? | The primary muscle (prime mover) that brings the desired movement. |
| What muscle closes the jaw? | Masseter. |
| Pronation is rotating the palm _______. | Down |
| Sarcoplasmic reticulum is the er of the muscle cell. What does it store? | Calcium ions. |
| What does the muscular system not include? | It does not include the cardiac or smooth muscle. |
| What is the description of synergist? | Secondary muscles, that bring about the desired movement. |
| Bringing the part away from the midline or anteriorly is? | Protraction. |
| The neuromuscular junction has how many fibers? | One each. |
| What is Translation? | A,P,R,L (moving the head-like a chicken) |
| What is another name for Myosin? | Thick filaments. |
| Muscle cells are specialized for what? | Contraction. |
| Rotating the palm up is? | Supranation. |
| What do the T tubule do? | Channels that carry the action potential to the inner parts of the cell. |
| When glucose is converted into lactic acid in what? | In anaerobic respiration. |
| What are the names of the rotator cuff muscles? | supraspinatous, infraspinatous, subscapularis, teres minor. |
| Bringing a part away from the midline is? | Abduction |
| ____________ and ___________ inhibitory proteins that prevent contraction when relaxed. | Troponin and Tropomyosin. |
| What is the O2 debt? | When O2 need is greater than the blood supply. |
| Rotating around a joint is? | Rotation |
| The cell membrane of the muscle fiber is called? | Sarcolemma |
| What does Hemoglobin Contain? | Contains iron which binds the O2. |
| What is the muscle that does the opposite of the desired movement? | Antagonist. |
| The protein backbone that anchors actin filaments is what? | Z-line. |
| What is another name for actin? | Thin filaments. |
| Does muscle tone change with position? | Yes. Example: postural muscles increase when standing vs. lying |
| What is actin? | Thin contractile proteins that interact with myosin. |
| The sodium potassium pump requires what? | ATP |
| Thermogensis is increased with what? | Increased activity. |
| What muscle turns the head to the opposite side? (both-flex head and neck) | Sternocleidomastoid. |
| What is the tilting of the foot/ankle laterally? | Eversion |
| What is hypoxia? | Deficiency of O2. |
| The most abundant energy source for muscle contraction is? | Glycogyn. |
| What is the function of creatine phosphate? | It breaks down into creatine and phosphate to release energy to make more ATP. |
| Why does breathing slow gradually after stopping exercise? | Recovery O2 uptake. |
| Each muscle is made up of what? | Thousands of individual muscle cells AKA fibers. |
| What muscle puckers the lips? | Orbicularis oris. |
| What is the primary energy source for muscle contraction? | ATP. |
| What is contraction? | Sliding filament mechanism. |
| Reducing the angle of the joint is what? | Flexion |
| What is set up by the sodium potassium pump? | Gradient. |
| What does sarcolemma repolarization? | Resetting the action potential. |
| There is more Na+ on the outside or inside? | Outside. |
| What is the muscular system? | It is the muscles and accessory structures. |
| What lobes of the brain initiate the signal to the muscle in the promoter and motor areas of the cortex? | The frontal lobes. |
| The brain recruits higher number of ______ based on need. | Fibers. |
| what does glycogyn do? | It breaks down into glucose which goes through cellular respiration. |
| What does the muscular system include? | It includes the skeleton muscles. |
| What is muscle tone? | A slight contraction of muscle that is present most of the time, |
| What is the opposite end of the origin? (across a joint from the origin usually) | Insertion |
| Lactic acid is converted into pyruvic in the _____. | Liver |
| Nerve impulse causes a release of Ach from what? | The axon terminal. |
| What is the break down of cellular respiration? | Glucose + O2 -CO2 + H2O + ATP + heat |
| What is Myosin? | Thicker contractile proteins. |
| Extension is what? | Increasing the angle of the joint. |
| The sarcolemma contains __________ sites for ACh? | Receptor |
| The sarcolemma containes cholinesterase that ___________ Ach. | Deactivates |
| What are the tendons made of? | Fibrous connective tissue. |
| What does the muscular system provide and produce? | It provides movement and mobility. |
| How many Rotator cuff muscles are there? | 4 |
| What is the secondary energy source in muscle contraction. | Creatine phosphate. |
| Usually the origin is the more stationary of the 2 ends and is usually more ________. | Proximal. |
| There is more K+ on the _______. | Inside. |
| What mechanism causes actin filaments to pull against myosin filaments? | Sliding filament. |
| The fibers do what to produce movement? | Shorten. |
| What are the parietal lobes for? | They are for conscious input and the cerebellum for subconscious input. |
| What muscle turns the head to the same side (both extend head and neck) | Semispinalis capitis (a deep muscle) |
| What is Another name for Muscle sense? | Propriception. |
| The splenius capitis muscle controls what? | Turns head to the same side. |
| The axon terminal contains sacs of what? | Acetylcholine of ACh |
| Titin is the protein that anchors myosin to what? | The Z-line. |
| What is the motor nerve ending at each muscle fiber? | Neuromusular Junction. |
| What are the two O2 sources in cellular respiration. | Hemoglobin and Myoglobin. |
| The tendons merge with periosteum to do what? | Anchor to bone. |
| In sarcolemma depolariztion ACh bonds to what? | The ACh receptors. |
| What is the name of T tubule. | Tranverse tubules. |
| Most creatine is converted back to creatine phosphate but some of it is converted to what? | Creatinine which is a nitrogenous waste product. |
| What does the cerebellum do? | It creates movements. |
| Retraction is bringing a part _______ the midine or posteriorly. | Toward. |
| The tendons are the continuation of what that covers the muscle? | Deep fascia. |
| What muscle closes the eye? | Orbicularis oculi. |
| The outside of the sarcolemma is positive or negative? | Positive. |
| What does Z-line do? | If forms the end boundaries of the sacomere. |
| What are the 3 Glutes muscles? | Gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus, gluteus medius. |
| What shape are the tendons? | Usually round. |
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