Cianci - Pearson Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
What factors caused widespread revolution in Europe? | Food shortages, a depression in the commercial and industrial economy, unemployment, overburdened systems of poor relief, and horrible city conditions |
How did middle class liberals and the working class differ? | The former wanted political change while the latter wanted social change. Also, the former sought nonviolent means to bring about change while the latter used violence. |
Outside of France, what was the big motivator for revolution? | Nationalism. |
Why did these revolutions fail to create liberal or nation states? | The established conservative order was stronger than expected and the liberal middle class could not pursue political change without social change. |
February 22nd, 1848 | Revolution in France begins (AGAIN) with Parisian workers protesting for reform and the ouster of minister Guizot. Days later, Louis Philippe abdicates from the throne. |
The primarily conservative National Assembly that was elected on April 23, 1848, opposed what because they believed it to be socialistic? | National workshops for the poor |
June 24th, 1848 | General Louis Cavaignac is ordered by the government to crush the workers of Paris who demanded social change. |
Why did the French people elect Louis Napoleon Bonaparte as their president? | After the corruption of the July Monarchy and the turmoil of the early months of the Second Republic, they turned to the name Bonaparte for stability and glory. |
December 2nd, 1851 | After the National Assembly refused to amend the constitution to allow presidential reelections, Louis Napoleon initiates a coup. |
December 1852 | Louis Napoleon becomes Emperor Napoelon III in a newly proclaimed empire. |
How did the Women's Voice use the maternal role of women to urge reform? | They stated that motherhood was so important to society, they ought to have better education, economic security, equal civil rights, property rights, and the rights to work and vote. |
Like in 1793, what happened to French feminist movements? | They were repressed and their efforts were frustrated. |
Why was the Habsburg Empire so ripe for revolution? | Its government rejected liberal institutions, it still had serfdom, and it had several nationalities within its borders. |
Louis Kossuth | A Maygar nationalist who urged an independent Hungary and a responsible ministry under the Habsburg dynasty. His speeches helped spark revolution in the Habsburg Empire. |
What did the Habsburg government do to prevent a widespread serf revolt? | It abolished serfdom. |
What did the March Laws passed by the Hungarian diet do? | It mandated equality of religion, jury trials, the election of the lower chamber of a diet, a relatively free press, and payment of taxes by the nobility. |
What did the Maygars to plan to do with Hungary? How did this run into problems? | They planned to become a partially independent state while the Habsburg emperor still ruled over them and expand into Eastern Europe, but the various nationalities there resisted this Maygarization. |
September 1848 | Count Joseph Jellachich, with the support of various nationalities against the Hungarians, invades Hungary on behalf of the Habsburg government. |
Pan-Slavic Congress | A congress composed of all Slavs in Hapsburg domains that sought to create an independent Slavic state from Poland to Ukraine. |
March 18th, 1848 | Italians in Milan, aided by Charles Albert of Piedmont, rise up against Habsburg rule. By July, they are crushed. |
December 2nd, 1848 | Emperor Ferdinand of Austria abdicated in favor of his younger nephew, Franz Joseph. |
August 1849 | The Hungarians try to revolt once more, but the Austrians, backed by 200,000 Russian troops, crush this revolt. |
Who did Italians turn to for Italian unification after Austrians defeated Piedmont? | The liberal Pope Pius XI |
November 15th, 1848 | A democratic radical assassinates Pelligrino Rossi, a minister for Pius IX. |
After Pius IX appointed a radical ministry and fled to Naples, what did the ministry do the next year? | They proclaimed the Roman Republic in February. |
March 1849 | Piedmont goes to war with Austria again but loses badly at the Battle of Novara, leaving the Roman Republic to defend itself alone. |
Why did France intervene in the Roman Republic? | They wanted to prevent a strong unified state on their southern border and look good domestically for protecting the pope. |
After the Roman Republic was crushed, what did Pius IX do? | He renounced his liberalism. |
March 15, 1848 | Protests break out in Berlin and Frederick William IV of Prussia concedes some reforms. |
Why did the Prussian constituent assembly fail? | It was radical and democratic, convincing the conservative king to ignore it and finally disband it in April of 1849. |
In Frederick William IV's constitution, what system of voting did he establish? | Three-class voting, which said people voted based on their ability to pay taxes, allowing the largest taxpayers (5% of the Prussian population) to elect a third of the Prussian government. |
What did the Germans at the Frankfurt Parliament seek to accomplish? | They wanted to reorganize the German Confederation and write a liberal constitution of a unified Germany. |
The representatives debated whether to unify Germany based on the _________ solution (with Austria) or the ________ solution (without Austria). | grossdeutch, klienedeutsch |
Why did Frederick William IV refuse the offer to become king of a unified Germany? | He believed that kings should rule based on God's will, not by the permission of a written constitution. |
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