Chemistry - WHS Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
atom | basic unit of matter |
proton | positively charged subatomic particle |
electron | negatively charged subatomic particle; gives an element its chemical properties |
neutron | subatomic particle that has the same mass as a proton but no electric charge |
nucleus | the positively charged center of an atom |
orbital | a region of space around the nucleus of an atom where an electron is likely to be found |
ion | atom that has a positive or negative charge |
atomic mass | mass of an atom expressed in atomic mass units |
atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
radioisotope | isotope that has an unstable nucleus and undergoes radioactive decay |
compound | substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements in definite proportions |
molecule | smallest unit of most compounds |
ionic bond | bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
covalent bond | a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
reactant | element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction |
substrate | reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction |
product | a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
potential energy | stored energy |
kinetic energy | energy of motion |
activation energy | minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction |
decomposition reaction | reaction in which one compound breaks into at least two products |
catabolism | breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones |
synthesis reaction | reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single compound |
anabolism | synthesizing a complex molecule from simpler compounds |
exchange reaction | reaction in which molecules are exchanged to create new products; AB + CD ---> AD + CB |
reversible reaction | chemical reaction in which the prodcuts re-form the original reactants |
equilibrium reaction | reaction that is reversible and the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal |
nutrient | chemical needed for the maintenance, growth, and development of the body |
metabolite | any chemical produced by metabolism |
mixture | two or more substances that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined |
solution | homogeneous mixture of two or more substances |
solute | the dissolved substance in a solution |
solvent | the substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution |
suspension | mixture of water and nondissolved materials whcih can be separated with filtration or settling |
electrolyte | a substance when dissolved in water conducts electric current |
salt | compound that conducts electricity when dissolved in water; created from the reaction of an acid and a base |
inorganic compound | any compound that does not contain carbon-carbon bonds |
organic compound | compound that contains carbon bonded to hydrogen and is found in living things |
acid | compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution |
base | compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH+) in solution |
neutralization | a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base interact to form a salt |
hydrogen ion | positively charged atom of hydrogen (H+) |
hydroxide ion | negatively charged ion made of oxygen and hydrogen (OH-) |
pH scale | measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14 |
enzyme | specialized proteins that speed up chemical reactions |
catalyst | substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected |
RNA | single-stranded nucleic acid involved in protein synthesis |
DNA | double-stranded molecule that contains the genetic code |
glycogen | polysaccharide that stores glucose in animals |
glucose | sugar that is the major source of energy for the body's cells |
monosaccharide | single sugar molecule |
polysaccharide | large carbohydrate made of chains of monosaccharide molecules |
glycerol | with fatty acids, make up the building blocks of lipids |
fatty acid | with glycerol, make up the building blocks of lipids |
nucleotide | building block of a nucleic acid |
amino acid | basic building blocks of protein molecules |
ATP | provides the energy for all cellular work; product of cellular respiration |
active site | the site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate |
denaturation | a structural change in a protein that results in a loss of its biological properties |
macromolecule | very large complex molecule |
polymer | large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together |
monomer | small molecular unit that is the building block of a larger molecule |
nucleic acid | macromolecule made up of subunits called nucleotides |
lipid | organic compound made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes |
protein | organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells |
carbohydrate | organic compound used by cells to store and release energy |
buffer | an ionic compound that resists changes in its pH |
Created by:
mshunt
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