GE 258 CH 6-8 Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
contains no blood vessels or nerves | skeletal cartilage |
surrounded by the perichondrium that resists outward expansion | skeletal cartilage |
three types of skeletal cartilage | hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage |
type of cartilage that provides support, flexibility, and resilience | hyaline cartilage |
type of cartilage that is most abundant in skeletal cartilage | hyaline cartilage |
type of cartilage that is presented in these cartilages: articulat, costal, respiratory, nasal | hyaline cartilage |
hyaline cartilage is presented in these type of cartilage | articular, costal, respiratory, nasal |
type of hyaline cartilage that connects the ribs to the sternum | costal |
type of hyaline cartilage that covers the ends of long bones | articular |
type of hyaline cartilage that makes up larynx, reinforces air passages | respiratory |
type of hyaline cartilage that supports the nose | nasal |
type of cartilage that is similar to hyaline cartilage, but contains elastic fibers | elastic cartilage |
type of cartilage that is found in the external ear and the epiglottis | elsatic cartilage |
type of cartilage that is highly compressed with great tensile strength | fibrocartilage cartilage |
type of cartilage that contains collagen fibers | fibrocartilage cartilage |
type of cartilage that is found in menisci of the knee and in the intervertebral discs | fibrocartilage cartilage |
cells in the perichondrium that secrete matrix against the external face of existing cartilage | appositional |
lacunae-bound chondrocytes inside the cartilage dividing and secreting new matrix, expanding the cartilage from within | interstitial |
calcificationof cartilage occurs during | normal bone growth and old age |
bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage | axial skeleton |
bones of the upper and lower limbs, shoulder, and hip | appendicular skeleton |
type of bone that is longer than they are wide | long bone |
type of bone that is cube-shaped | short bones |
type of bone that makes up the wrist and ankle | short bones |
type of bone that form within the tendons | short bones |
type of bone that is thin, flattened, and a bit curved | flat bones |
type of bone that makes up the sternum, and mosk skull bone | flat bones |
type of bone that has complicated shapes | irregular bones |
type of bone that makes up the vertebrae and hip bones | irregular bones |
function of the bone | support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell formation |
known as blood cell formation that occurs within the the marrow cavities of bones | hematopoiesis |
bone marking that is a rounded projection | tuberosity |
bone marking that is narrow, prominent ridge of bone | crest |
bone marking that has a large, blunt, irregular surgace | tronchanter |
bone marking that is a narrow ridge of bone | line |
bone marking that is a small rounded projection | tubercle |
bone marking that is a raised area above a chondyle | epicondyle |
bone marking that is a sharp, slender projection | spine |
bone marking that is any bony prominence | process |
bone marking that is a bony expansion carried on a narrow neck | head |
bone marking that is smooth, nearly flat articular surface | facet |
bone marking that is a rounded articular projection | condyle |
bone marking that is an armlike bar of bone | ramus |
bone marking that is canal-like passageway | meatus |
bone marking that is a cavity within a bone | meatus |
bone marking that is shallow, basin-like depression | fossa |
bone marking that is furrow | groove |
bone marking that is narrow, slit-like opening | fissure |
bone marking that is round or oval opening through a bone | foramen |
dense outer layer of the bone | compact bone |
honeycomb of trabeculae filled with yellow bone marrow | spongy bone |
structure of a long bone consist of a | diaphysis and epiphysis |
tubular shaft that forms the axis of long bones | diaphysis |
composed of compact bone that surrounds the medullary cavity | diaphysis |
yellow bone marrow (fat) is contained in the medullary cavity | diaphysis |
expanded ends of long bone | epiphyses |
exterior is compact bone, and the interior is spongy bone | epiphyses |
bone membrane that is a double-layered of protective membrane | periosteum |
outer fibrous layer of the periosteum is | dense regular connective tissue |
inner osteogenic layer of periosteum is composed of | osteoblast, osteoclast |
periosteum is secured to theunderlying bone by | sharpey's fibers |
delicate membrane covering internal surfaces of bone | endosteum |
location of hematopoietic tissue (red marrow) in infants | found in medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bones |
location of hematopoietic tissue (red marrow) in adults | found in the dipole of flat bones, and the head of the femur and humerus |
the structual unit of compact bone | Haverisan system, or osteon |
wight bearing, column-like matrix tubes composed mainly of collagen | lamella |
central channel containing blood vessels and nerves | haversia, or central canal |
channels lying at right angles to the central canal, connecting blood and nerve supply of the periosteum to that of the Haversian canal | Volkmann's canals |
mature bone cells | osteocytes |
small cavities in bone that conatin osteocytes | lacunae |
hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other and the central canal | canaliculi |
bone-forming cells | osteoblasts |
mature bone cells | osteocytes |
large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix | osteoclasts |
unmineralized bone matrix composed of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and collagen | osteoid |
bone develops from a fibrous membrane | intramembranous ossification |
bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage | endochondral ossification |
begins in the second month of bone development | endochondral ossification |
uses hyaline cartilage "bones" as models for bone construction | endochondral ossification |
requires breakdown of hyaline cartilage prior to ossification | endochondral ossification |
function zone in long bone growth in which cartilage cells undergo mitosis, pushing the epiphysis away from the diaphysis | growth zone |
function zone in long bone growth in which older cells enlarge, the matrix becomes calcified, cartilage cells die, and the matrix begins to deteriorate | transformation zone |
functional zones in long bone growth in which new bone formation occurs | osteogenic zone |
long bone growth and remodeling in which the cartilage continually grows and is replaced by bone | growth in length |
long bone growth and remodeling in which bone is resorbed and added by appositional growth | remodeling |
during infancy and childhood, epiphyseal plate activity is stimulated by | growth hormone |
condition of bone in which there is inadequate minerlization. Osteoid produced byt no calcium salts of or lack of Vit. D | osteomalacia |
condition of the bone in which bone resorption outpaces bone deposit | osteoporosis |
type of bone fracture in which bone ends retain thier normal position | nondisplaced |
type of bone fracture in which bone ends are out of normal alignment | displaced |
type of bone fracture in which the bone is broken all the way through | complete |
type of bone fracture in which the bone is not broken all the way through | incomplete |
type of bone fracture in which the fracture is parallel to the long axis of the bone | linear |
type of bone fracture in which the facture is perpendicular to the long axis of the bone | transverse |
type of bone fracture in which the bone end penetrate the skin | compound (open) |
type of bone fracture in which the bone end do not penetrate the skin | simple (closed) |
type of bone fracture that is an incomplete fracture more common in children (more flexible) | greenstick |
a bone grows or remodels in response to the forces or demands placed upon it | Wolff's Law |
weakest part of the skeleton | joints (articulations) |
site where two or more bones meet | articulation |
function of joints | skeleton mobility, hold the skeleton together |
three functional classes of joints are: | synarthroses, amphiarthroses, diarthroses |
immovable joint | synarthroses |
slightly movable joint | amphiarthroses |
freely movable joint | diarthroses |
three structural classifications of joints are | fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial |
joint in which bones are joined by fibrous tissues | fibrous structural joints |
joint in which there is no joint cavity | fibrous structural joints |
joint in which most are immovable | fibrous structural joints |
three types of fibrous structural joints | sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses |
fibrous structural joints that occur between the bones of the skull | sutures |
fibrous structural joint that comprises of interlocking junction completely filled with connective tissue fibers | sutures |
fibrous structural joint in which bones are connected by a fibrous tissue ligament | syndesmoses |
fibrous structural joint in which movement varies from immovable to slightly variable | syndesmoses |
examples of fibrous structural joint includes the connection between the tibia and fibula, and the radius and ulna | syndesmoses |
joint in which articulating bones are united by cartilage | cartilaginous joint |
lacks a joint cavity | cartilaginous joint |
two types of cartilaginous joint | synchondrosies and symphyses |
cartilaginous joint in which a bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites the bones | synchondroses |
examples of cartilaginous joint include epiphyseal plates of children, joint between costal cartilage of the first rib and the sternum | synchondroses |
cartilaginous joint in which hyaline cartilage covers the articulating surface of the bone and is fused to an intervening pad of fibrocartilage | symphyses |
amphiarthrotic joints designed for strength and flexibility | symphyses |
examples of cartilaginous joint include intervertebral joints and the public symphysis of the pelvis | symphyses |
those joints in which the articulating bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity | synovial joint |
freely movable diarthroses | synovial joint |
examples of joint include all limb joints and most joints of the body | synovial joint |
synovial joints general structure include: | articular cartilage, joint (synovial) cavity, articular capsule, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments |
flattened, fibrous sacs lined with synovial membranes and containing synovial fluid | bursae |
common where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together | bursae |
elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon | tendon sheath |
stability of a synovial joint is determined by | articular surfaces, ligaments |
shape determines what movments are possible | articular surface |
unite bones and prevent exxessive or undesirable motion | ligaments |
muscle tone is accomplished by | muscle tendons across joints acting as stablizing factors and tendons are kept tight at times by muscle tone |
the two muscle attachments across a joint are | origin, insertion |
attachment to the immovable bone | origin |
attachment to the movable bone | insertion |
range of motion to include slipping movements only | nonaxial |
range of motion to include movement in one plane | uniaxial |
range of motion to include movement in two planes | biaxial |
range of motion to include movement in or around all three planes | multiaxial |
range of motion in which one flat bone surface glides or slips over another similar surface | gliding movement |
examples include intercarpal and intertarsal joints, and between the flat articular processes of the vertebrae | gliding movement |
bending movement that decreases the angle of the joint | flexion |
reverse of felxion; joint angle is increased | extension |
up and down movment of the foot | dorsiflexion and plantar flexion |
movement away from the midline | abduction |
movement toward the midline | adduction |
movement describes a cone in space | circumduction |
the turning of a bone around its own long axis | rotation |
the ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn | sprains |
partially torn ligaments are repaired by | repairing themselves slowly |
completely torn ligaments are repaired by | prompt surgcial repair |
occurs when bones are forced out of alignment | dislocation |
parital dislocation of a joint | subluxation |
an inflammation of a bursa, usually caused by a blow or friction | bursitis |
inflammation of tendon sheaths typically caused by overuse | tendonitis |
considered an non-inflammatory condition of arthritis | osteoarthritis |
most common chronic arthritis; often called "wear-and-tear" arthritis | osteoarthritis |
chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of unknown cause, with an insidious onset | rheumatoid arthritis |
deposition of uric acid crystals in joints and soft tissues, followed by inflammation response | gouty arthritis |
Created by:
evang
Popular Anatomy sets