HHP 4/13 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
transports excess tissue fluid to bloodstream | lymphatic system |
lymphatic system | absorbs fats |
helps defend body against disease causing agents | lymphatic system |
lymphatic pathways | capillaries vessels trunks/collecting ducts |
lymphatic capillaries | microscopic receive lymph through own thin walls |
closed-ended tubes extend into interstitial spaces | lymphatic capillaries |
lymphatic vessels | similar to veins, only thinner & valves prevent backflow of lymph |
lead to lymph nodes & merge into lymphatic trunk | larger lymphatic vessels |
lymphatic collecting duct | join subclavian veins |
lymphatic trunks | lead to 2 collecting ducts |
thoracic & right lymphatic ducts | 2 collecting ducts of lymphatic trunks |
lymph physiology | returns protein molecules to bloodstream & transports foreign particles to lymph nodes |
lymph formation | increased pressure in interstitial space force tissue fluid into lymphatic capillaries fluid=lymph |
tissue fluid origin | blood plasma |
lacks large proteins small proteins filtered out blood capillaries to interstitial spaces | tissue fluid |
as protein concentration of tissue fluid increases, colloid osmotic pressure increases | tissue fluid formation |
lymph under low pressure | no flow ready w/o external aid |
lymph movement | contraction of skeletal muscles |
contraction of smooth muscle in walls of large lymphatic trunks | lymph movement |
lymph movement | low pressure in thorax by breathing movements |
lymph node structure | subdivided into nodules |
nodules | contain masses of lymphocytes & macrophages |
lymph node location | aggregate in groups/chains along paths of larger lymphatic vessels |
lymph node physiology | filter harmful foreign particles from lymph |
center for production of lymphocytes & contain phagocytic cells | lymph node physiology |
thymus | lymphatic tissue subdivided into lobules |
slowly shrinks after puberty | thymus |
some lymphocytes leave ____ & provide immunity | thymus |
spleen | resembles large lymph node subdivided into lobules |
spaces within splenic lobules are filled with ____ | blood |
contains many macrophages, filter foreign particles & damaged red blood cells from blood | spleen |
body defenses against infection | body has innate & adaptive defenses against infection |
innate nonspecific defenses | species resistance mechanical & chemical barriers natural killer cells inflammation phagocytosis fever |
fever | high body temp= decrease in blood iron level & increase in phagocytic activity hamper infection |
neutorphils & monocytes | most active phagocytes in blood |
monocytes | give rise to macrophages, remain fixed in tissues |
phagocytic cells association | linings of blood vessels in bone marrow liver, spleen, lungs, lymph nodes |
phagocytes | remove foreign particles from tissue & body fluids |
inflammation | tissue response to injury/infection |
localized redness,swelling,heat,pain | inflammation |
chemicals released by damaged tissue attract ____ to site | WBC |
connective tissue forms sac around injured tissue & block spread of ____ | pathogens |
natural killer cells | secrete perforins |
perforins | destroy cancer cells & cells infected w/ viruses |
species resistance | each species is resistant to certain diseases that affect other species |
mechanical barriers | block entrance of pathogens |
skin & mucous membranes | mechanical barriers |
activation of complement proteins in plasma stimulate | inflammation attract phagocytes enhance phagocytosis |
enzymes in gastric juice & tears kill ____ | pathogens |
interferons | chemical barrier |
stimulate unifected cells to synthesize antiviral proteins stimulating phagocytosis | interferons |
interferons | block proliferation of viruses |
enhance activity of cells that help resist infections | interferons |
stifle tumor growth | interferons |
adaptive specific defenses/immunity | antigens lymphocyte T cells-cellular immune response B cells-humoral immune response antibody immune responses immunity allergic reactions transplantation tissue rejection autoimmunity |
before birth, body cells inventory ___ & other large molecules | self proteins |
lymphocytes self antigens | after inventory, _____ develop receptors allow differentiation of nonself & ____ |
nonself antigens | combine w/ T&B cell surface receptors & stimulate these cells to cause immune reaction |
haptens | small molecules can combine w/ larger ones, =antigenic |
Created by:
virg
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