Anatomy Ch. 8 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
The nervous system communicates external and internal stimuli using electrical impulses called ______________________. | action potentials |
the nervous system takes stimuli from the __________________and converts it into useful information needed for appropriate body responses. | environment |
the nervous system is an arrangement of cells, tissues, and organs that regulates the body's responses to _________________ and _________________ stimuli | external, internal |
the nervous system cells are ________________, neurons and ______________________ | neuroglia, neural crest cells |
_____________________are the most common cell in the nervous system. they assist, protect, and support ________________ | neuroglia, neurons |
_________________are excitable cells that rapidly communicate information about the body and the environment. | neurons |
_________________are composed of dendrites, a nerve cell body, axon hillock, axon, and terminus. | neurons |
the ____________________separates neurons from the cells with which they communicate | synaptic cleft |
_______________________may be involved in nervous system maintenance and healing | neural crest cells |
neurons communicate to other cells with ___________________ | neurotransmitters |
neurotransmitters can be __________________ (stimulate a neuron) or ________________ (hinder a neuron) | excitatory, inhibitory |
a neuron must be _________________past its threshold before propagating an action potential | excited |
the _____________________goes through four stages: depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, and recovery | action potential |
the action potential travels in the following order: dendrites -> ___________________ -> axon -> ______________ | nerve cell body, terminus |
neurons can be linked in _________________, axosomatic, or axoaxonic synapse arrangements | axodendritic |
an excitatory postsynaptic potential is a neuron arrangement in which one neuron excites another _________________ | neuron |
an inhibitory postsynaptic potential is a neuron arrangement in which one neuron _____________ another neuron | inhibits |
reverberating pathways recycle the excitation of a pathway unit an ________________stimulous shuts it down | inhibatory |
reflexes are _________________ responses associated with survival | involuntary |
reflexes start with the stimulation of an _________________ | affector |
the flow of information in a ___________ is as follows: affector -> sensory neuron -> interneuron -> motor neuron -> effector | reflex |
________________can transmit information about the reflex to the brain and other body regions | interneurons |
________________capable of invading or infecting nervous system cells cause infectious pathology | microorganisms |
_________________ diseases are due to the progressive deterioration of a cell or a tissue over time | degenerative |
________________pathologies are caused by embryological and maturation errors that affect nerve cell communication. development, and growth. | congenital |
________________injuries result from a wound caused by an external force or violence | traumatic |
________________diseases are aused by poisons that affect cell metabolism or communication | toxicological |
much of nervous system aging is due to reduced _____________ and ____________ function | neuroglia, neuron |
______________cannot be replaced when damaged or lost | neurons |
people carry most of their original neuroglia and neurons from ________________ | childhood |
neurons accumulate damage from oxidization carried out by ________________ | metabolism |
______________aging can be hastened by alcohol use, drug use, pollution and smoking | neuron |
neurons naturally age by accumulating __________ and forming ______________ | plaques, tangles |
___________that maintain the chemical environment of neurons. | astrocytes |
____________cells which secret cerebrospinal fluid | ependymal |
____________that fight off infections in the nervous system | microglia |
_____________what help from myelin in the brain and spinal cord | oligodendrites |
______________which assist with the develpoment of the nervous system | redia glia |
______________that maintain the chemical environment of neurons in the brain and spinal cord | satellite cells |
______________which form myelin on neurons outside of the brain and spinal cord | schwann cells |
______________ wraps around the axons of neurons to speed up the transimission of the neurons communication | myelin |
_________________are potential stem cells for repairing nerve damage in adults | neural crest cells |
__________________are important in positive feedback and are associated with learning and memory | reverberating pathways |
the components of a _________________are the affector, interneuron, and effector | reflex arc |
______________are responsible for sending signals from affectors to the effector and to the brain | interneurons |
_____________help maintain nerve cell health | cytokines |
Created by:
Lauren G.
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