Unit 3-Ancient Egypt Word Scramble

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Term	Definition
What is stimulus diffusion?	To take an invention or idea and change it to meet your needs
Give an example of stimulus diffusion related to the ancient Egyptians.	writing - the Mesopotamians used cuneiform; the Egyptians created hieroglyphics
Describe the delta	triangular shaped, 100 Miles wide, flat, fertile land
List 5 ways that the Nile was beneficial to the Ancient Egyptians:	Provided a sense of direction, Provided silt for fertile soil, Fresh drinking water, Trade and Travel, Water to irrigate crops
Describe Lower Egypt (location and geography)	Northern Egypt; where the Nile ends, fertile land
Describe Upper Egypt (location and geography)	Southern Egypt; where the Nile begins, has cliffs and canyons
Describe Egypt’s climate.	hot, dry, arid
What were the benefits of the desert?	protected Egyptians from invaders
What is silt?	Natural fertilizer left behind after the Nile flooded
inundation-June through September	the Nile floods the surrounding land, farmers built pyramids
emergence- September through February	the water seeps into the ground leaving silt to make the soil fertile, farmers plowed fields and planted crops
drought- February through June	When the water level of the Nile was low. Farmers harvested the crops
Problem was flooding during emergence and drought	Created irrigation canals- lowered the level of the Nile to prevent flooding, levees- mounds of dirt along the Nile to prevent flooding
Low water level	Created the shaduf- Helps lift water using a long suspended rod with a bucket at one end
Mineral Copper	Used to make weapons
Mineral Gold	Used to make jewlery
Mineral Limestone	Used for pyramid building
Mineral Natron	Used to dry out the body for mummification
What is social mobility?	movement between the social classes
Did Social mobility exist in Egypt?	Social mobility existed if they worked hard
How were social classes determined?	Determined by birth and importance of job
Why are the social classes shown in the shape of a pyramid?	the most power was in the hands of the few at the top- 1 Pharoah, a few noblemen
What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh?	made laws, led the army, made final decisions
How was a pharaoh different from a king?	The pharaoh was a god, a king was not.
Who were the nobles?	vizier, scribe, priest
Who is the vizier and what are his responsibilities?	advisor to the king, supervised building projects and irrigation canal upkeep
What were scribes exempt from?	manual labor
What is the biggest misconception about slaves?	they built the pyramids
Why were hieroglyphics created?	to keep track of trade/ receipts
What did scribes record using hieroglyphics?	receipts for trade, taxes, wars, laws, cycles of the Nile
What is the importance of the Rosetta Stone?	helped us understand and decode hieroglyphics
What is monotheism?	belief in one god
What is polytheism?	belief in many gods
What is the afterlife?	life after death
What is mummification?	process of preserving a body
Why did Egyptians mummify the dead?	they wanted the soul to recognize the body for the afterlife
Why were pyramids built?	Burial chambers for pharaohs
Why did Egyptians bury the dead with their belongings?	they believed they would need these items in the afterlife
Why did Egyptians stop building the pyramids?	they took too long to build, they were too expensive, and they were easy to find and rob therefore there would be NO afterlife
List three reasons the Middle Kingdom is referred to as “The Golden Age”.	trade grew,resurgence of art and literature, growth of armies
Hatshepsut	First female pharaoh, Encouraged trade and travel with other civilizations
What was the importance of King Tut’s tomb?	His tomb wasn’t robbed so his body and belongings were found which helped us to better understand how the Egyptians lived.

Created by: Mtenney