Chap12 nervous Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
the ____ system along with the _____ helps to keep controlled conditions within limits that maintain helath and helps to maintain homeostasis | nervous, endocrine |
nervous has 3 basic functions | - sensing changes with sensory receptors-interpreting and remembering those changes- reacting to those changes with effectors |
a _____ is a bundle of hundreds or thousands of axons, each which courses along a defined path and serves a specific region of the body | nerve |
spinal cord connects to the ____ through the _____ _____ of the skull and is encircled by the bones of the vertebral column | brain; foramen magnum |
____ is located outside the brain and the spinal cord, are small masses of nervous tissue containing primarily cell bodies of neruons | ganglia |
entric _____ help regulate the digestive system | plexuses |
____ _____ are either parts of neruons or specialized cells that monitor changes in the internal or external enviroment | sensory receptors |
the ____ function is to analyze the sensory info., store some aspects and make decisions reguarding appropriate behaviors. (association or interneurons serve this function) | integrative |
the ____ function is to respone to stimului by initiating action | motor |
CNS | brain/ spinal |
PNS | -cranial/ spinal nerves (sensory & motor)-connects CNS to muscles, glands and all sensory receptors |
motor neurons to skeletal muscles | somatic (voluntary) SNS |
neurons from cutaneous and special sensory receptors to CNS | SNS |
sensory neurons from visceral organs to CNS | autonomic (involuntary) nervous system |
motor neurons to smooth and cardiac mucles and glands (symp/parasymp) | ANS |
involuntary sensory and motor neruons control GI tract | enteric nervous system |
______ neurons of the ENS monitor chemical changes within the GI tract and streching of its walls | sensory neruons |
consists of neurons in enteric plexuses that extend the length of the GI tract | enteric nervous system |
enteric motor neurons govern contraction of GI tract organs, and acticity of the GI tract endocrine cells | enteric motor neruons |
functional unit of nervous system | neuron |
capacity to pro. action potenial/ electical excitability | neruons |
cell body contains nissl bodies(chromatin) what do they do | pro. rough ER and free ribosomes for protein synthesis |
____ give cell shape and support | neruofilaments |
___ move material inside cell | microtubules |
cell processes= | dendrites and axons |
___ are the recieving or input portions of a neuron (carry action potential toward soma) | dendrites |
conducts nerve impules from the neuron to the dendrites or cell body of another neuron or to an efffect organ of the body (muscle or gland) | axon |
typically short, highly branched and unmyelinated | dendrites |
conduct impules away from cell body | axons |
long, thin cylindrical process of cell | axon |
in axons they arise where? | axon hillox |
swollen tips called synapic end bulbs contain vesicles filled with | neurotransmitters |
cell body is location for most | protein synthesis |
slow axonal flow | movement in one direction only- away from cell body |
fast axonal flow | moves organelles & materials along surface of microtubules; either direction |
most neurons in body are | interneurons |
sveral dendries and one axon- most common type of cell | multipolar |
one main dendrite and one axon | bipolar |
bipolar are found where | near retina, inner ear and olfactory |
one process only (develops from a bipolar) | unipolar |
unipolar are always | sensory neurons |
transport sensory info from skin, muslces, joints, sense organs and viscera to CNS | sensory (afferent) neurons |
send motor nerve impules to mucles and glands | motor (efferent) neurons |
connect sensory to motor neurons- 90% of neurons in body | interneurons(association) neurons |
half of the volume of the CNS/ smaller cells than neurons | neuroglial cells |
these cells can divide- rapid mitosis in tumor formation (gliomas) | neuroglial cells |
star- shaped cells/ form BBB by covering blood capillaries | astrocyte |
metabolize neurotrasmitter/ reg. potassium balance/ provide structural support | Astrocytes |
small cells found near blood vessels/ phagocytic role- clear away dead cells | microglia |
form epithelial membrane lining cerebral cavities and central canal of spinal cord | ependymal cells |
produce CSF | ependymal cells |
derived from cells that also gave rise to macrophages and monocytes | microglia |
support neurons in the PNS ganglia | satellite cells |
flat cells surrounding neuronal cell boides in peripheral ganglia | satellite |
most common glial cell type/ analogous to Schwann cells of PNS | Oligodendocytes |
Each forms myelin sheath around more than one axons in CNS | Oligodendocytes |
a multilayered lipid and protein covering called the myelin sheath | myelinination |
produced by Schwann cells and oligodendocytes surrounds the axons of most neurons | myeliniation |
cells encircling the PNS axons | Schwann cells |
Each cell pro. part of myelin sheath surrounding an axon in the PNS | Schwann cell |
all axons surround by a lipoprotein covering_____ produced by ______ | myelin sheath, Schwann cells |
jelly-roll like wrappings made of lipoprotein | myelin |
Schwann cell _____&______ forms outermost layer of neurolemma with inner portion being the myelin sheath | cytoplasm and nucleus |
_____ myeliniate axons in the CNS | oligodendocytes |
white matter= | myelinated processes (white in color) |
nerve cell bodies, dendrites, axon terminals, bundles of UNmyelinated axons and neuroglia | grey matter |
spinal cord= | gray matter froms an H-shape inner core surrounded by white matter |
thin outer shell of gray matter covers surface and is found in clusters called nuclei inside the CNS | brain |
a ____ is a mass of nerve cell bodies and dendrites inside the CNS | nucleus |
neurons are electically excitable due to the ____ difference across their membrane | voltage |
communicate with two types of electrical signals: | 1. action potention2. graded potential |
potentials that can travel long dis. | action |
potentials that are local membrane changes only | graded |
in living cells, a flow of ions occurs though ____ _____ in the cell membrane | ion channels |
_____ (nongated) channels are always open | leakage |
in leakage cannels, membrane permeablility to ___ is high | K+ |
____ channels open and close in response to a stimulus- results in neuron excitability | gated |
___ ____ channels respond to voltage changes, ligands(chemicals) and mechanical pressure | gated ion channels |
_____ gated channels respond to a direct change in the membrane potential | voltage-gated channels |
respond to a spefici chemical stiumulus | ligand gated channels |
respond to mechianical vibration or pressure | mechanically gated ion channels |
____ ions along inside of cell mem. and ___ ions along outside | neg/ postivie |
potential enegry difference at rest is | -70 |
why does resting potential exist | concentration of ions different inside and outside |
Created by:
Mollie28
Popular Anatomy sets