Ch 17 Immunity Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| What term describes the ability of an organism to overcome host defenses? | Virulence |
| What constitutes the first line of defense against the invasion of pathogens? | Innate barriers such as the skin, mucous membranes, body secretions and reflexes |
| What are two types of components in the second line of defense against infection? | Innate cells and chemicals |
| What are the four signs of inflammation? | Heat, redness, swelling, and pain |
| What are three ways that fever boosts the immune system? | Stimulating phagocytes, increasing metabolism, and decreasing the ability of certain microorganisms to multiply. |
| What is adaptive immunity? | An individual's power to resist or overcome any particular disease or its products. This immunity is acquired during a person's lifetime, usually from contact with a disease organism or a vaccine. |
| What is an antigen? | Any foreign substance, usually a protein, that induces an immune response. |
| List four types of T cells. | Cytotoxic, helper, regulatory, and memory. |
| What is the role of APCs in immunity? | (Antigen presenting cells) - Take in and digest a foreign antigen. They then display fragments of the antigen in their plasma membrane along with self (MHC) antigens that a T cell can recognize. |
| What is an antibody? | A substance produced in response to an antigen. |
| What type of cells produce antibodies? | Plasma cells, derived from B cells |
| What is the difference between active and passive adaptive immunity? | Active adaptive immunity involves a person's own immune system. Passive adaptive immunity depends on antibodies from an outside source. |
| What is the difference between natural and artificial adaptive immunity? | Natural adaptive immunity results from contact with a disease organism or obtaining antibodies from an outside source without medical intervention. Artificial adaptive immunity results from administration of a vaccine or antiserum. |
| What is a vaccine? | A prepared substance that induces an immune response. |
| What is a booster? | A repeated inoculation given to increase antibodies to a disease. |
| What is an antiserum, and when are antisera used? | An antibody prepared in an outside source, usually an animal. Antisera are used in emergencies to provide quick passive immunization against a disease organism, toxin, or venom. |
| What are four types of immune disorders? | Allergy, autoimmunity, immune deficiency diseases, and multiple myeloma. |
| How does the immune system guard against cancer? | Destroying abnormal cells in the process of immune surveillance. |
| What is the greatest obstacle to tissue transplantation from one person to another? | The tendency of every organism to destroy foreign substances. |
| tox | poison |
| ana | back, again |
| erg | work |
| myelo | marrow |
| The power of an organism to overcome its host's defenses is called | virulence |
| Heat, redness, swelling, and pain are classic signs of | inflammation |
| Any foreign substance that enters the body and induces an immune response is called | antigen |
| All antibodies are contained in a portion of the blood plasma termed the | gamma globulin fraction |
| Any substance capable of inducing an allergic reaction is called a | allergens |
| Destroy foreign cells directly. | cytotoxic T cells |
| Release interleukins, which stimulate other cells to join the immune response. | helper T cells |
| Suppress the immune response in order to prevent overactivity. | regulatory T cells |
| Recognize an antigen and start a rapid response if the antigen is contracted again. | memory cells |
| Produce antibodies when activated by antigens. | B cells |
| Which of the following is NOT part of barriers, the first line defense? | complement |
| Which of the following is an active phagocyte? | macrophage |
| Which cell matures in the thymus? | T cell |
| What is an abnormal reactivity to one's own tissues called? | autoimmunity |
| Allergy and autoimmunity are types of | hypersensitivity |
Created by:
Jessica Venyke
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