Ch.6 Mrs.Eastham Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force |
Excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus. |
Extensibility | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. |
Elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. |
Epimysium | Each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the epimysium |
fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium. It surrounds and separates muscles. |
Perimysium | muscle fiber bundles are surrounded by loose connective |
fibers | Single muscle cells |
Endomysium | Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the endomysium |
Myofibrous | Fills cytoplasm of each fiber with this thread like structure from one end of the fiber to the other |
resting membrane potential | charge difference across the membrane |
Sacromeres | Structural and functional unity of muscles |
Resting membrane potential | The charge difference across the membrane |
Action potentials | The brief reversal back of the charge |
Motor neurons | Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
Neuromuscular junction | Formed by branches on axons in the muscle |
Motor unit | A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers in innervates |
Presynaptic terminal | Enlarged terminal |
Muscle twitch | Contraction on an entire muscle in response to a stimulus |
Threshold | Stimulus level that will make a muscle contract |
Lag phase | Time between application of stimulus to motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction |
Relaxation phase | The time the muscle relaxes |
Tetany | When muscles remain contracted without relaxing |
Recruitment | Increase of motor units being active |
ATP | Needed for energy for muscle contraction. Produced in mitochondria. Short lived and unstable |
ADP | ATP is degenerated in to ADP more stable plus phosphate |
Anaerobic respiration | Without oxygen |
Aerobic reperation | With oxygen, more efficient |
Oxygen debt | The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose |
Muscle fatigue | When ATP is used during contractions faster then it can be preoduced |
Isometric | The length of the muscle doesn’t change but the ten soon increases |
Isotonic | The amount of tension is constant but the length of the muscle changes |
Muscle tone | Constant tension produced by muscles of the body after long periods of time |
Fast twitch fibers | Contact quickly and fatigue quickly Ex. White meat |
Slow twitch fibers | Contact more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue. Ex. Dark meat |
Origin | Head of the muscle. Most stationary |
Insertion | End of the muscle undergoing the most movement |
Belly | Portion of muscle between origin and insertion |
Synergists | Muscles that work together |
Antagonist | Muscle that work against each other |
Prime mover | The muscle that plays the major role in synergistic movements |
Occipitofrontalis | Raises the eyebrows |
Orbicularis oculi | Closes the eyes and causes wrinkles |
Obricularis oris | Puckers the lips |
Buccinator | Flattens the cheeks |
Zygomticus | Smiling muscles |
Levator labii superiors | Sneering |
Depressor anguli oris | Frowning |
Mastication | Chewing. Includes- 2 pairs of pterygoids, temporalis, and masseter |
Intrinsic tongue muscle | Change shape of tongue |
Extrinsic tongue muscle | Move the tongue |
Sternocleidomastoid | Neck muscle. Rotated and abducts head |
Erector spinae | Muscles on the back keep the body erect |
Thoracic muscles | Muscles in the thorax |
External intercostal | Elevate the ribs during inspiration |
Internal instercostals | Contract during forced experration |
Diaphragm | Accomplished quiet breathing |
Linea Alba | Vertical line from sternum to naval to pubis |
Rectus abdomominis | On either side linea abla crosses by tendinous inscriptions |
Trapezius | Rotates scapula |
Serratus anterior | Pulls scapula anteriorly |
Pectoralis major | Connects arm to thorax. Adducts and flexes the arm |
Latissimus dorsi | Attaches humorous to the scapula and clavicle |
Triceps brachii | Extends forearm |
Biceps brachii | Flexes forearm |
Brachialis | Flexes forearm |
Brachioradialis | Strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and Extensor |
Flexor carpi | Flexes wrist |
Extensor carpi | Extends the wrist |
Flexor digitorum | Flexes the fingers |
Extensor digitorum | Extends the fingers |
Glutenous maximus | Buttocks |
Gluteus medius | Hip muscle |
Quadriceps femoris | Extends the leg |
Sartourius | Flexes the thigh |
Hamstring | Flexes the leg and extends the thigh |
Gastrocnemius and soleus | Form calf muscles and join to calcneal tendon |
Peroneus | Turn the door outward |
Frontalis | Forehead |
Trapezius | Below neck |
Deltoid | Shoulders |
Pictorials major | Chest |
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