Ch6 Muscle Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force. |
Excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus. |
Extensibility | the ability to be stretched. |
Elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. |
Epimysium | each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath |
Fascia | another connective tissue located outside the epimysium .it surrounds and separates muscles |
perimysium | a muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called muscle fasciculi ,which are surrounded by loose connective tissue |
fibers | the fascia are composed of single muscle cells |
endomysium | each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath |
a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | |
actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments |
myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments |
sarcomeres | actin and myosin filaments form |
I band | consists of actin |
A band | extends the length of the myosin |
H zone | consists only of myosin |
M line | the myosin myofilaments are anchored in the center of the sarcomere at a dark staining band |
resting membrane potential | the charge difference across the membrane |
action potential | the brief reversal back of the charge |
motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to the skeletal muscle fibers |
axons enter the muscles and branch,each branch that connects to the muscle forms a neuromuscular junction or synapse | |
motor unit | a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
presynaptic terminal | enlarged nerve terminal |
synaptic cleft | the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
postsynaptic terminal | the muscle fiber |
synaptic vesicles | each presynaptic terminal contains |
acetylcholine | synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called |
acetylcholinesterase | |
sliding filament mechanism | the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction |
muscle twitch | the contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers |
threshold | a muscle fiber will not respond to that stimulus until that stimulus reaches level |
all-or-none response | this phenomenon is called |
lag phase | the time between application of a stimulus of a motor neuron and the beginning of the contraction |
contraction phase | the time of contraction |
relaxation phase | the time during which the muscle relaxes |
tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
recruitment | the increase in number of motor neurons being activated |
creatine phosphate | when at rest your muscles do not stock ATP but they can store another high-energy molecule |
anaerobic | without oxygen |
aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
oxygen debt | the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reaction to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate stores in muscle cells |
muscle fatigue | results when ATP is used during muscle contractions faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells |
isometric | the length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases |
isotonic | the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle changes |
muscle tone | muscle tone refers to constant tension produced by the muscles of the body for long periods of time. Keeps head up and back straight |
fast twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
slow twitch fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue |
origin | the most stationary end of the muscle |
insertion | the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
belly | the portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion |
synergists | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements |
antagonists | muscles that work in opposition of one another |
prime mover | among a group of synergists, if one muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement its the prime mover |
occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows |
orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids and causes "crows feet" wrinkles in the skin at the lateral corners in the eye |
orbicularis oris | puckers the lips |
buccinator | flattens the cheeks, trumpeters muscle |
zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
levator labii superioris | sneering |
depressor anguli oris | frowning |
mastication | chewing |
sternocleidomastoid | neck muscle |
trapezius | rotates scapula |
serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly |
pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm |
triceps brachii | extends the forearm |
brachialis | flexes forearm |
brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
extensor digitorum | extends the fingers |
gluteus maximus | bottocks |
quadriceps | extends the leg |
gastrocnemius and soleus | form the calf msucle |
Created by:
daniel191
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