Test 2 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Superficial Muscle Group | Trapezius latissimus dorsi |
Middle Back muscle group | rhomboid major and minor levator scapulae |
Deep Back Muscle Group | Erector spinae, serratus posterior |
Trapezius Attachments | occipital bone, nuchal ligament, vertebral spines, spine of scapula, acromion process, distal clavicle |
nuchal | back of neck |
nucal ligament attachment points | vertebral prominens, all vertebral spines, |
nuchal ligament prevents | hyperflexion of neck |
Latissimus function | adduction of shoulder and humerus, extension of humerus and shoulder, medial rotation of humerus |
Levator Scapulae attachments | cervical transverse processes, vertebral border of scapula |
Rhomboid attachments | vertebral spines, vertebral border of scapula |
Rhomboid group functions | elevation of scapula, retraction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula |
splenius attachments | vertebral spines, mastoid process, upper cervical transverse processes |
Semisplinalis capitis attachments | vertebral transverse proc's, occipital bone |
Nuchal Function | extend neck, rotate neck, laterally flex head |
erector spinae | spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis |
Erector spinae functions | stabilize spine, extend spine, rotate trunk, laterally flex trunk |
Serratus posterios | superior, inferior, respiratory functions |
Spinal cord is stabilized by | anterior articulations, posterior (synovial) articulations (zygapophyseal, rib joints), interspinal ligaments, muscles |
Anulus fibrosus | fibrocartilage, fibers arranged circularly |
nucleus pulposis | elastic, cartilage-like ball, semifluid |
Herniated slipped disk | nucleus pulposis is forced out of its normal position, goes through annulus, usually moves posterorly, may impinge spinal nerves |
Interspinal ligaments | run between adjacent verts, limit movement.Anterior and posterior longitudinal, interspinous & supraspinous, ligamentum flavum |
Meninges | connective tissue that protect the CNS, |
3 layers of spinal cord protection | dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater |
Capitulum articulates with the | radius |
Trochlea articulates with the | ulna |
Hand consist of | 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, 14 phalanges |
Metacarpal composed of | head, base, shaft |
Fingers consist of | 14 phalanges, 3 each finger with 2 on thumb |
Radiocarpal joint | formed b/w distal end of radius, scaphoid, and lunate |
Triangular fibrocartilage | permits the hand to move independently of the ulna during supination and pronation of the radius |
Pisiform DOES NOT | contribute to radiocarpal joint |
Intercarpal joints | joints b/w carpals |
Midcarpal joint | intercarpal joints that fall b/w the proximal and distal row of carpals |
Carpometacarpal Joints | Fall b/w distal row of carpals and the bases of the metacarpals |
Greater Occipital nerve emerges | through the sup fibers fo trapezius near the origin of the skull |
Triangle of Auscultation | small triangular gap medial to the scapula b/w trapezius and latissimus dorsi |
Rhomboids are supplied by | dorsal scapular nerve and the descending scapular artery and vein |
Portion of the neural arc in the spinal column that connects the transverse spines and zygapophyses laterally with the dorsal spine on the midline | Lamina |
Superficial muxcle of the hypothenar eminence on anterolateral aspect of the 5th metacarpal. | Abductor digiti minimi |
Muscle that arises from the pisiform and inserts on the ULNAR side of the base of the proximal phalanx. | Abductor digiti minimi |
What is the ligament that connects the dorsal spines of the vertebrae the entire length of the spine. | Supraspinous Ligament. |
Ligament that forms the ligamentum nuchae in the cervical region. | Supraspinous Ligament. |
Ligament that joins the dorsal spines of successive vertebrae. | Interspinous Ligament |
Describe the difference between the the interspinous and supraspinous ligaments. | Interspinous are ligaments that run between each spinous process and the supra(above)spinus is continuous attaching all spinus processes. |
Which ligament attaches to the skull as well as the spinus processes? What is the area called that attaches to the skull | Supraspinous ligament and Ligamentum nuchae. |
Tough outermost layer of meninges around the spinal cord. | Dura Mater |
List the 3 protective layers covering the spinal cord proximal to distal | Pia mater Arachnoid mater and Dura mater |
The CSF is located between which two layers covering the spinal cord? | Arachnoid mater and Pia mater |
Area filled with CSF and veins draining the spinal cord. | Subarachnoid Space. |
Spinal nerve - several fiber bundles, or rootlest, emerging from the posterior portion of the spinal cord | Dorsal root |
Spinal nerve - several fiber bundles, or rootlest, emerging from the anterior portion of the spinal cord | Ventral root |
Which nerve roots are responsible for delivering motor messages | Ventral roots |
Which nerve roots are responsible for delivering Sensory messages | Dorsal roots |
Ligament formed by the pia mater. Extends laterally and connects to the dura. | Denticulate Ligament |
This ligament is anteriorly placed and allows for anterior flexibility during abduction | Coracoacromial ligament |
This ligament prevents independent movement of the clavicle and scapula in the vertical plane | Coracoclavicular ligament |
Interspinal ligaments function is to | protect exiting spinal nerves |
When will anterior ligament be tightest? | extension of spine |
when will post ligament be tightest? | flexion of spine |
How mant spinal nerves come off cervial vertebrae | 8 because 2 come off C1 |
How many total spinal nerves? | 31 pair total |
myotomes | muscle area innervated by spinal nerves |
What anchors the spinal cord? | Filum terminale |
What are the attachment points of serratus anterior? | most ribs and medial border of scapula |
Function of serratus anterior | protraction of scapula, upward rotation of scapula |
What two muscles are synergist to move humerus | pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi |
What 4 muscles make up rotatot cuff? | supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis |
Scapula floats in an envelope of muscle on the thorax and its only bony attachement point is the acromion | True |
Function of rotator cuff muscles is | stabilize and hold humeral head on the glenoid, adjustory movements of the humeral head, rotational movements of humeral head |
Rotator cuff muscles are NOT primary movers of the shoulder | TRUE |
Teres Major attachement points | lateral border of scapula and interbercular sulcus of anterior humerus |
function of Teres major | same as latissimus dorsiadduction of humerusextension of humerusmedial rotation of humerus |
Deltoid attachment points | distal clavicle, acromion process, lateral scapular spine, humeral midshaft (deltoid tuberosity) |
Function of deltoid | when the shoulder is in neutral, full deltoid contraction produces elevation of the humeral head. This action resist downward pull from gravity and loads |
Funtion of deltoid cont | abduction of shoulder, early in abd the rot cuff m. contract to offset deltoid elevation, keeping the head aligned on the glenoid |
Anterior deltoid | assist with horizontal flexion |
posterior deltoid | assist with horizontal extension |
What holds the clavicle in place | 1. thorax 2. muscle attachments |
This joint has thickening of fibrous joint capsule and includes a fibrous articular disc that stabilizes the joint during abd of the shoulder | Acromioclavicular ligament |
Shoulder separation occurs | subluxation of the AC joint, downward blow to the acromion, clavicle remains in place |
This ligament contains and protects the suprascapular nerve | Suprascapular ligament |
This ligament connects greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus and holds the long head of the biceps in place | Transverse humeral ligament |
This ligament connects proximal clavicle to costal cartilage of rib #1 | Costoclavicular ligament |
Dislocation of the humeral head requires trauma to BOTH sides of the capsule | True |
This ligament is important in inhibiting anterior translation of the head | Glenohumeral ligaments |
What is housed within the quadrangler space? | axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery and vein |
What is housed within the triangular space? | Circumflex scapular branch of the subscapular artery |
The suprascapular nerve supplies | supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles |
What happens if the serratus is paralyzed? | Winged scapula occurs- the vertebral border protrudes dorsally under the skin |
Medial rotation of humerus tightens | posterior portion of the capsule |
Circumduction rotation of humerus tightens | the entire capsule |
Created by:
mclisu
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