A&P Unit I Vocab. Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Anatomy | study of structure |
Physiology | study of biochemical and physical function |
Tissue | group of similar cells with general purpose |
Organ | distinct structure of multiple tissues with specific function within a system |
Organ system | collection of organs with common functions |
Organism | one individual made up all systems |
Metabolism | Sum of chemical reactions to manage energy and materials |
Homeostasis | steady state equilibrium of internal conditions necessary for healthy function |
Receptor | senses conditions in and around body (stimuli) |
Control Center | processes information from receptors and sends directions for response out to effectors |
Effector | uses directions from control center to respond to conditions (stimuli) |
Negative Feedback | self-correcting loop that brings conditions back to equilibrium (within normal range) |
Positive Feedback | amplifying loop that causes an increased response |
Chemical bond | attractions between atoms or molecules |
Chemical reaction | converts reactants to products by breaking and/or building chemical bonds |
ion | charged atom due to gaining or losing electrons |
Ionic bond | joined when electrons transferred from one atom to another to form ions |
Covalent bond | atoms joined by sharing pair of electrons |
Hydrogen bond | attraction between hydrogen and polar molecule |
Polar compound | compound with partial positive and negative sides |
Synthesis reaction | build new molecules; stores energy in chemical bonds |
Decomposition reaction | break down molecules, releases energy |
Organic compound | compound with C-H bonds |
acid | releases H+ ions and lowers pH |
Anterior | front, ventral |
Posterior | back, dorsal |
Medial | towards midline |
Lateral | away from midline |
Proximal | towards origin |
Distal | further away from origin |
Superficial | towards body surface |
Deep | away from body surface |
Superior | above |
Inferior | below |
Sagittal | plane divides body into right and left and creates longitudinal sections |
Frontal | plane divides body into anterior and posterior; also called coronal |
Transverse | plane divides superior and inferior and creates cross-sections |
Axial | head, neck trunk |
Appendicular | limbs |
Thoracic cavity | chest space |
Pleural cavities | 2 spaces for lungs |
Pericardial cavity | heart space; also inferior mediastinum |
Superior mediastinum | space for esophagus, trachea superior and posterior to heart |
Abdominopelvic cavity | space for digestive and urogenital organs; superior = abdominal; inferior = pelvic |
Serosa | double membranes covering lining body cavities and organs (parietal= layer along cavity wall; visceral =- layer over organs) |
Serous fluid | lubrication between visceral and parietal serosa |
Gross Anatomy | Examines larges, visible structure (macroscopic) |
Microscopic Anatomy | Examines Cells and molecules (microscopic) |
Cytology | Study of Cells |
Histology | Study of tissues |
List of all levels of biological organization (smallest to largest) and ther relations to the previous level | Chemical level, grps of atoms are working together(molecues). In the cellular level there are atoms, molecules, and organelles working together. |
List of all levels of biological organization (smallest to largest) and ther relations to the previous level | The tissue level consists of similar cells working together. Finally the organ level is a group of tissues working together. |
Atoms | Smallest chemical until |
Organ system | Group of organs working together |
Organism | Human |
Digestive System | Pancreas, Intestines, Liver, Stomach. Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients |
Respiratory | Trachea, Lungs. Gas exchange |
Cardiovascualr System | Heart, blood vessels. Pumps blood through body |
Urinary | Kidney. Regulates fluid level |
Reproductive | Gonads. Produces gametes |
Nervous | Brain, spinal cord. Controls body |
Skeletal | Bones. Supports body |
Muscular | Moves body |
Integumentary System | Skin, nails, hair. Protects body from drying out and pathogens |
Lymphatic | Lymph nodes. Fights infection |
Endocrine | Thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas. Produces hormones to control body function |
Organization | Keeping structures separate from each other |
Metabolism | Obtaining and using energy |
Responsiveness | Adjusting to changes in the environment |
Movement | Blood, bones, muscles, cells |
Development | All changes throughout life |
Growth | Body size increases |
Reproduction | Formation of another organism |
Section | 2D surface of a 3D structure that has been cut |
Plane | Imaginary 2D surface that passes through the body |
Serious Membrane | Double- layer of protective membranes.. lines body cavities and cover organs |
Parietal layer | Lines cavity |
Visceral layer | Covers organs |
Set point or normal range | Systems respond to external and internal changes to maintain function |
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