Cardiovascular Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Cardiovascular System | Is the system that pumps blood through the body via the heart & blood vessels |
Heart | Is a large muscle that acts like a pump, moving blood through the & veins. |
Pericardium (pericardial sac) | A double - walled sac composed of membranous tissue that surrounds the heart |
Parietal pericardium ( fibrous pericardium) | Is the outermost layer |
Visceral pericardium (serous pericardium) | Is the inner layer of this double- walled sac |
Pericardial fluid | Which prevents the two layers from rubbing against each other |
Epicardium | Outermost layer of the heart |
Myocardium | Is the middle & the thickest layer, & is the cardiac muscle |
Endocardium | Is the innermost, sometimes called the lining of the heart |
Atria | The upper chambers receive blood from the veins |
Ventricles | The lower chambers send blood to the arteries |
Sinoatrial node (SA node) | Is found where the superior vena cava & the right atrium meet |
Atrioventricular node (AV node) | Directs the impulses to the ventricles, causing them to contract |
Bundle of His | The conduction fibers that cause contraction |
Pericardiocentesis | Is a procedure in which the physician removes fluid from the pericardial space |
Tube pericardiostomy | Fluid is drained from the pericardial space |
Cardiac pacemaker | Is used to correct & manage heart dysrhythmias |
Pulse generator | That contains a lithium battery as its source of power |
Electrode | Is inserted into the heart through the subclavian vein & advanced to the right ventricular apex |
Single- chamber system | Has one electrode in either the right atrium or the right ventricle |
Dual- chamber system | Has two electrodes one in the right atrium & one in the right ventricle |
Pacing cardioverter- defibrillator | It emits defibrillating shocks that stimulate the heart |
Aortic valve | Sits between the aorta & the left ventricle, is one of the main valves of the heart |
Mitral valve | Is the valve between the left atrium & left ventricle |
Trucuspid valve | Is the valve that lies between the right atrium & right ventricle |
Pulmonary valve | The valve is one of the main valves of the heart & sits between the pulmonary artery & the right ventricle |
Endarterectomy | Is a procedure used to remove the plaque deposits from blood vessels |
Angioplasty | Is a procedure in which a balloon is inflated in the vessel to push & flatten plaque against the vessel wall |
Coronary artery bypass (CABG) | Are types of grafts performed on the heart that are completed using a vein, an artery, or a combination of a veinv& |
Anomaly | Is an abnormality or a deviation from the norm in a structure |
Ventricular assist device (pVAD) | Is inserted to assist a weakened heart in ejecting blood to the body via a mechanical pump |
Vessels | Are structures that move fluid through the body |
Arteries | Move oxygen-rich from the heart to the rest of the body |
Veins | Move the deoxygenated blood to the heart |
Aneurysm | Is an area in an artery that becomes weakened |
Thromboendarterectomy | A surgical incision that is made into an artery to remove a thrombus or plaque & the arterial lining |
Angioscopy | Is a procedure in which a fiber-optic scope is used to visualize the interior of a noncoronary vessel |
Nonselective placement | Means the catheter is functioning in the vessel punctured & doesn't go into any other vessel |
Selective placement | Means that the catheter moves into one of the great vessels off the aorta, not including the vessel punctured for access |
Venous access device | Is a device or catheter that allows access to the venous system |
Central venous access device (CVA device) | Is a catheter classified as such if the tips ends in the subclavian, brachiocephalic, superior or inferior vena cava, or right atruim |
Insertion | When a catheter is placed in a newly established venous access |
Repair | Involve fixing, not replacing, either the catheter or port/pump |
Partial replacement | Involves replacement of only a catheter component, not the whole device |
Complete replacement | Replacement of the whole device by the same access site |
Removal | Involves the removal of the entire device |
Ligation | The act of tying off blood vessels & dividing & stripping vessels |
AED | Automated external defibrillator |
A-fib | Atrial fibrillation |
AICD | Automated implantable cardioverter- defibrillator |
AS | Aortic stenosis |
ASD | Atrial septal defect |
ASHD | Arteriosclerotic heart disease |
BBB | Bundle-branch block |
CABG | Coronary artery bypass graft |
CAD | Coronary artery disease |
CC | Cardiac catheterization |
CCU | Coronary care unit |
CHD | Coronary heart disease |
CHF | Congestive heart failure |
DVT | Deep vein thrombosis |
EKG | Electocardiogram |
HTN | Hypertension |
MI | Myocardial in farction |
MVP | Mitral valve prolapse |
PAD | Peripheral artery disease |
pVAD | Percutaneous ventricular assist device |
PVD | Peripheral vascular disease |
Arteries | Carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body |
Veins | Carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart |
Heart | A muscular organ, located between the lungs to the left of the midline of the body, that pumps blood throughout the body |
Hypertension | Is an increase in blood pressure |
Systolic blood pressure | The pressure on the arterial walls during the heart muscle contraction |
Diastolic blood pressure | The pressure on the arterial walls during relaxation of the heart muscle |
Transient hypertension | Elevated blood pressure |
Secondary hypertension | High arterial blood pressure due to another disease |
Ischemic heart disease | When there is an inadequate supply of blood to the heart |
Occlusion | Constriction of an arterial blood vessel |
Angina pectoris | Severe chest pain caused by an insufficient amount blood reaching the heart |
Unstable angina | Is an accelerating pattern of chest pain that occurs at rest or during mild exertion |
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) | Commonly called a heart attack, occurs when there is inadequate blood supply to a section or sections of the heart |
Old myocardial infarction (healed myocardial infarction) | When the patient is not presenting with any symptoms |
Acute pericarditis | Inflammation of the outer layers of the heart |
Endocarditis | Inflammation of the inner layer of the heart |
Myocarditis | Inflammation of the heart muscle |
Cardiomyopathy | Diseases of the heart muscle |
Heart failure | A decreased ability of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the body's tissue |
Cerebrovascular disease | Abnormal nontraumatic conditions that affect the cerebral arteries |
Cerebral hemorrhage | Bleeding within the brain or layers of brain lining |
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA | The disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain, called a stroke |
Occlusion of cerebra l & precerebral arteries | The blocking of an artery |
Stenosis of the cerebral arteries | The narrowing of the cerebral arteries that supply blood to the brain |
Phlebitis | Inflammation of a vein |
Thrombophlebitis | Inflammation of a vein with the formation of a thrombus |
Portal vein thrombosis | The formation of a blood clot in the main vein of the liver |
Varicose veins | Dilated superficial veins of the legs |
Lymphadenitis | Inflammation of the lymph nodes |
Hypotension | Low blood pressure |
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