NAU A&P, 1&2 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Simplest substance, cannot be decomposed or resolved by chemical changes into simpler substances. Basic substance out of which all matter is composed. | Elements |
2 or more atoms combine of the same kind | Molecule |
2 or more atoms combine of a different kind | Compound |
Instrumental in bond formation | Role of Electrons |
Formed between oppositely charged particles, if separated the result can be an Electrolyte | Ionic Bonds |
Molecules in which electrons are shared instead of gained or lost. | Covalent Bonds |
Weak bonds formed between water molecules and intramolecular bonds. Gives a 3-dimensional shape | Hydrogen bonds |
The starting materials in a chemical reaction | Reactants |
The finished compound in a chemical reaction | Products |
Actual Reaction in a chemical reaction | Synthesis |
When 2 or more atoms or molecules combine to form a larger more complex molecule. Amino acids binding together into proteins | Synthesis Reactions |
When a molecule is broken down into smaller molecules, atoms, or ions. Ex. Glycogen into individual glucose molecules. | Decomposition Reactions |
When both synthesis and decomposition reactions are involved as ATP reacts with glucose to become trapped in a cell | Exchange Reactions |
Can donate a hydrogen ion into a solution | Acid |
Can accept hydrogen ions from a solution | Base |
Is a balanced combination of an acid with a base | Salt |
Monitors the acidity and the alkalinity of a solution based on how many ions have been released into the solution. | PH scale |
Resist PH change and help prevent such changes, bicarbonate | Buffers |
A chemical element almost identical except for its number of neutrons in it's nucleus. | Isotope |
Compounds that do not have carbon and usually dissociates in water forming ions. | Inorganic Substances |
Universal solvent, can dissolve many substances in large amounts | Water |
Water | Hydro |
Water loving | Hydrophyllic |
Water fearing | Hydrophobic |
Consists of 2 or more compounds combined but are not chemically bound. | Mixture |
Homogeneus mixture where the molecule are evenly distributed and will not separate upon standing. | Solution |
The dissolving substance | Solvent |
The substance which is being dissolved. Ex- sugar glucose. | Solute |
Heterogeneous mixture where the particles will separate out upon standing. Ex- Salad dressing | Suspension |
Used by organelles to release energy from nutrient molecules to drive the cell's metabolic activities | Oxygen |
Heterogeneous mixture where the particles remain suspended, but DOES NOT separate upon standing. Ex- Jell-O | Colloid |
Contain ions that are essential for metabolism, maintaining proper water concentrations, pH, blood clotting, bone development, energy transfer within cells and muscle and nerve functions. | Inorganic Salts |
Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins, contains carbons | Organic Substances |
Main energy source composed of basic units that are simple sugars. Ex: Monosaccharides, disaccharides (table sugar) | Carbohydrates |
Chemically diverse group consisting of fats, steriods, vitamins A, D, E and K, all which are fairly insoluable in water. Ex: cholesterol | Lipids |
Used to make bile salts that help digest lipids. | Cholesterol |
Are essential for maintaining cell membranes and organelles, synthesis of enzymes, cell division and other processes. Composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, which form building blocks | Protein |
Directs the cell's activities, consists of Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytocine (C), Thymine (T). | Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
Located almost entirely in the cytoplasm, Copy of the DNA. | Ribonucleic Acid |
Cutting up. A study of structures. | Anatomy |
Relationship to nature. Study of functions | Physiology |
Electrons, protons and neutrons | Subatomic Particles |
Combination of subatomic particles | Atom |
A binding together of multiple atoms. Ex: water | Molecule |
A binding together of multiple molecules | Macromolecule |
Structure within a cell that carry a specific activity for the cell to function. | Organelle |
Basic functional unit of any living organism. Ex: Thread | Cell |
Group of cells. Ex: material | Tissue |
Groups of tissues with the same purpose. Ex: sleeve, collar, cuff. | Organs |
Groups of organs all functioning for the same purpose. Ex: Shirt, skirt. | Organ systems |
Living species | Organism |
Protection, consists of skin, nails, hair, sweat and oil glands. | Integumentary System |
Supports and protect, consists of 206 bones, cartilage, ligaments and joints | Skeletal System |
Formation of blood cells | Hematopoiesis |
Movement, protection, form, consists of skeltal, cardiac and smooth | Muscular system |
Central and peripheral, consists of brain, spinal cord and everything else with brain | Nervous system |
Hormone production, located in various areas of the body | Endocrine system |
Moves nutrients and gases into and out of the tissues, consists of heart and vessels | Cardiovascular system |
Immunity, protection and absorption of digested fats; located in various areas of the body. | Lymphatic system |
Gas movement in adn out of the tissues, consists of lungs and passageways | Respiratory system |
Absorption of nutrients; consists of everything of mouth to anus | Digestive system |
Reduction of waste and excess water; consists of kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. | Urinary system |
Production of offspring and aging, consists of internal and external sex organs, penis, vagina, testes, ovaries | Reproductive System |
Physical and chemical events that obtain, release, and utilize energy. | Metabolism |
Breakdown of complex into simple. Ex: potato chips into starch, sugar | Catabolism |
Building of simple nutrients into compound energy-ATP | Anabolism |
Adenosine Triphosphate | ATP |
State of equilibrium or balance | Homeostaisis |
Receives information regarding conditions or situations. | Receptors |
Monitors and input and sets the normal ranges. Ex: body temp | Control center |
Responds to information to help maintain homeostaisis | Effectors |
The net effect of the response to the stimulus shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity. Ex: sugar high, over production of insulin | Negative Feedback |
Controls infrequent events that ocur explosively and does not require continuous adjustments. Ex: puncture wounds and childbirth. | Positive Feedback |
2 main body cavities | Dorsal and Ventral |
Consists of cranial and spinal cavities | Dorsal cavity |
Consists of Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities | Ventral cavity |
Consists of Oral, Nasal, Orbital and Middle ear cavities | Cranial cavity |
Contains vertebral column | Spinal cavity |
Consists of mouth | Oral cavity |
Consists of paired, inside nose and associated sinuses | Nasal cavity |
Consists of paired, eyes, associated nerves and muscles | Orbital cavity |
Consists of paired, containing the bones, nerves and membranes. | Middle ear cavity |
Separates the lungs into left and right regions | Mediastinum |
Consists of mediastinum | Thoracic cavity |
Consists of abdominal and pelvic regions | Abdominopelvic cavity |
Consists of stomach, liver and intestines | Abdominal cavity |
Consists of reproductive organs | Pelvic cavity |
Toward head | Superior |
toward tail, away from head | Inferior |
Ventral | Anterior |
Back | Posterior |
Midline | Medial |
Away from midline | Lateral |
Between medial and later structure | Intermediate |
Close to origin, point of attachment of the body | Proximal |
Away from the origin, point of attachment of the body | Distal |
External, toward body surface | Superficial |
Internal, away from the body surface | Deep |
Longitudinal section dividing the body into unequal left and right sides | Sagittal Plane |
Longitudinal section dividing the body into equal left and right sides | Mid-sagittal Plane |
Divides the body into anterior and posterior | Frontal Plane |
Section parallel to the floor dividing the body into superior and inferior | Transverse Plane |
Around bellybutton | Umbilical |
Above stomach | Epigastric |
Below Stomach | Hypogastric |
Lateral region of hypogastric | Right and Left Inguinal |
Lateral to umbilical | Right and Left Lumbar |
Lateral to Epigastric | Right and Left Hypochrondiac |
Trunk, inferior to ribs | Abdominal |
Point of shoulder | Acromial |
Anterior surface of elbow | Antecubital |
Armpit | Axillary |
Arm | Brachial |
Facial cheek | Buccal |
Wrist | Carpal |
Fingers or toes | Digital |
Thigh | Femoral |
Lateral part of leg | Fibular |
Lateral area where the trunk meets leg | Inguinal |
Nose | Nasal |
Mouth | Oral |
Eye | Orbital |
Neck- anterior and posterior | Cervical |
Hip | Coxal |
Leg | Crural |
Anterior surface of knee | Patellar |
Lower abdomen | Pelvic |
Breastbone | Sternal |
Ankle | Tarsal |
Chest | Thoracic |
Heel of foot | Calcaneal |
Head | Cephalic |
Superior curve of shoulder | Deltoid |
Buttock | Gluteal |
Lower back between ribs and hips | Lumbar |
Back of head | Occiptal |
Posterior surface of elbow | Olecranal |
Posterior surface of knee | Popliteal |
Area between hips | Sacral |
Shoulder blades | Scapular |
Calf | Sural |
Spine | Vertebral |
Sole of foot | Plantar |
A thin sheet or layer of pliable tissue, serving as a covering or envelope of a part, as the lining of a cavity, as a partition or septum, or as a connection between 2 structures | Membranes |
Surface is made of epithelium | Epithelium Membranes |
Lines the body cavities | Serous membranes |
Attached to the body wall, lines thoracic cavity | Parietal membranes |
On the surface of the organs, intimate covering of the lungs | Visceral membranes |
Area holding the lungs | Pleurae membranes |
Sac that holds the heart divided into | Serous pericardium |
Lying on heart surface. (Epicardium) | Visceral pericardium |
Containing pericardial fluid which functions to reduce friction during beating | Pericardial cavity |
Outer layer lying just below the fibrous pericardium | Parietal pericardium |
Outer most layer of the sac (serous pericardium) | Fibrous pericardium |
Lines the walls of the abdominal cavity, covers the organs; supports and protects the structures within the abdomen. | Peritoneum |
Lines tubes and other spaces that open to the outside of the body | Mucous |
Skin | Cutaneous |
Lines the joint cavities and small cushions near the joints (bursae) | Synovial membranes |
Small cushions near the joints | Bursae |
Covers parts of nervous tissue | Meninges |
Dense, regular, connective tissue- bands that wrap around muscle | Fascia |
Insulates the body and protects the skin, located beneath the skin | Superficial Fascia |
Covers, separates and protects skeletal muscle | Deep Fascia |
Associated with various organs | Peri |
Next to the heart | Pericardium |
Next to the bone | Periosteum |
Next to the cartilage | Perichondrium |
Created by:
FKrouse
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