A&P2 Ch18:Heart&CV Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Mediastinum | Location of the heart; Also contains great vessels, thymus, & esophagus |
Pericardial Cavity | The Heart is surrounded by serous, fluid-filled, space called... |
Pericardial Cavity | Acts as a lubricant to reduce friction as the heart beats |
Pericarditis | Infection of inflammation of the pericardium |
Cardiac Tamponade | Accumulation of additional fluids that restrict movements of the heart |
Endocardium | Simple squamous layer of heart wall; underlying areolar CT |
Myocardium | Cardiac muscle tissue; Wrap atria & encircle great vessels at top of heart |
Epicardium | Covers surface of heart; aka Visceral Pericardium |
Pericardial Sac | Fibrous & areolar CT lined by parietal pericardium |
Cardiac Muscle Fibers | Striated alignments of sarcomeres; Single nucleus; Intercalated discs |
Intercalated Discs | Specialized connections; Strong connections made by desosomes; Contains Gap Junctions |
Desosomes | Strong intercellular connection |
Gap Junctions | Passes electrical impulses from cell to cell so cells can work in unison |
L & R Atria L & R Ventricles | The 4 chambers of the heart?... |
L & R Atria | Receives blood returning to the heart; Thin walled |
L & R Ventricle | Contract to push blood from heart to arteries |
Septa | General term to divide the heart into L & R sides |
Interatrial Septum | The division between the L & R Atria |
Interventricular Septum | The division between the L & R Ventricle |
R Atrium | Receives Deoxygenated blood from systemic circuit |
L Atrium | Receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary circuit |
Coronary Sulcus | Deep, fat-filled groove that divides between atria and ventricles |
Ligamentum Arteriosum | Remnant of fetal connection between aorta and pulmonary trunk |
Coronary Sinus | Holds blood pushed out of myocardium during ventricular systole, the returns blood to the R. Atrium |
Ventricular systole(contraction) > Aorta distends as blood is ejected by the L. Ventricle > Ventricle relaxes > Aorta decreases in pressure and walls recoil > Elastic rebound of aorta pushes blood through systemic circulation. | Describe Coronary Circulation |
Semilunar Valves | Prevents backflow of blood to ventricles from aorta & pulmonary trunk during ventricular diastole (relaxation) |
Atrioventricular Valves | Prevents backflow of blood during ventricular systole (contraction) |
Sup. & Inf. Venae Cava & Coronary Sinus > R. Atrium > R. Atrioventricular/Tricuspid Valve > R. Ventricle > Pulmonic Semilunar Valve > Pulmonary Trunk > L. & R. Pulmonary Arteries > Lungs > Pulmonary Veins > L. Atrium > L. Atrioventricular/Bicuspid/Mitral | Give the correct order of blood flow: (whole process did not fit...) |
Arteriosclerosis | Thickening/hardening of arterial walls |
Atherosclerosis | Accumulation of fatty cholesterol deposits on arterial walls |
Ischemia | Reduced blood supply to myocardium |
All 4 chambers relaxed > Atrial Systole > Ventricular Systole (2 phases) > Early Ventricular Diastole > Later Ventricular Diastole > Chambers relax again | List the process of the Cardiac Cycle |
Atrial Systole in Cardiac Cycle | -Pushes in the last 30 % of blood to fill ventricle -End of Atrial Systole = Atrial Diastole -Beginning of ventricular systole simultaneously |
Ventricular systole in Cardiac Cycle (2 phases) | Isovolumetric Contraction & Ventricular Ejection |
Isovolumetric Contraction | -Increases pressure to close the AV valves -Semilunar valves still closed & blood volume in ventricles stays the same |
Ventricular Ejection | Pressure rises above pressure in pulmonary & aorta so that the semilunar valves open & blood is ejected from the heart |
P Wave | Atrial depolarization, initiated by the SA node |
QRS Complex | Ventricular depolarization begins at apex leading to the atrial repolarization to occur |
T Wave | Ventricular repolarization begins at the apex |
Parasympathetic Stimulation of the Intrinsic Rate | -Decreases rate of depolarization -Usually predominates -Resting HR is slower than intrinsic rate |
Sympathetic Stimulation of the Intrinsic Rate | Increases rate of depolarization |
Medulla Oblongata | Balance of parasympathetic/sympathetic stimulation is determined by the cardioinhibitory and cardioacceleratory centers in?.... |
Bradycardia | Condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal |
Tachycardia | Indicates faster than normal heart rate |
SA node | Determines the rhythm of the heart |
Cardiac Output | The product of Stroke Volume multiplied by the Heart Rate |
Stroke Volume | The amount of blood ejected from a ventricle during ventricular systole |
Epinephrine & Thyroxine | 2 Hormones that increase HR |
Ventricular Diastole OR Relaxation of the Ventricular Syncytium | Physically occurs to cause the T wave on an ECG |
Ventricular Repolarization OR Repolarization of the Ventricular Syncytium | Electrically occurs to cause the T wave on an ECG |
Ventricular Systole OR Contraction of the Ventricular Syncytium | Physically occurs in the heart simultaneously as the QRS complex |
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