reproduction Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
ovaries, uterine tube, uterus within | broad ligament |
what is broad ligament? | a mesentery (visceral peritoneum) which encloses, ovaries, uterine tube, uterus |
what is mesovarium | thickened fold of the broad ligament. |
vestibular gland in female | mucous secreting gland |
broad ligament continuous with | paretial peritoneum |
___ located between posterior body wall and the uterus is susceptible to infection because of its delicate membrane | rectouterine pouch or pouch of douglas |
position of ovary stabilized by | mesovarium, ovarian ligament, suspensory ligament. |
ovary histology: | visceral peritoneal epithelium, dense connective tissue (tunica albuginea), cortex, medulla |
oocyte surrounded by | follicular cells, |
oocyte + follicular cells = | primordial follicle |
stimulation of primoral folicle by | FSH |
__ around primary secondary follicle responsible for __ | theca, release estrogen. |
___ provide nutrients to developting oocyte | follicle cells (granulosa) |
estrogen responsible for | initiating repair and growth of the uterine lining |
in ___ one can see follicular fluid | secondary follicle |
In female reprod, in __ stage, meiosis of oocyte begins | mature follicle |
follicular cells surrounding the secondary oocyte after it loses its connection with the follicular wall | corona radiata |
stimulation for ovulation | sudden rise in LH level |
fate of empty follicle after it releases oocyte | turns into corpus luteum and if egg not fertilized corpus luteum -> corpus albican |
corpus luteum secretes | progesterone (mainly), estrogen |
progesterone secreted by | corpus luteum |
estrogen secreted by | theca cells and granulosa of follicles |
progesterone fuction o | prepare uterus for pregnancy |
zona pellucida is | mechanical barrier in primary, secondary, mature follicles which becomes impermeable after a sperm enters. |
underneath theca there is | layer of granulosa cells |
affect of estrogen on pituitary hormones | +LH, -FSH |
LH causes | ovulation |
ovulation caused by which hormone | LH |
released oocyte from follicle received by | infundibulum of fallopian tube |
affect of progesterone on pituitary hormone | -LH |
2 negative feedback in female hormone | estrogen -FSH progesteron -LH |
how does only one follicle mature to become a mature follicle | one with most number of FSH receptor |
fertilization of egg occurs here | ampulla of oviduct |
__ marks end of menst. cycle and it stimulates __ | dec. in proges, est level, GnRH |
uterine tube histology | epithelium(ciliated and nonciliated columnar), lamina propria, smooth muscle. |
how oocyte moved through oviduct | peristalsis of smooth muscle + ciliary movement |
___ of oviduct has ciliated epithelium | ampulla |
ampulla of oviduct has what kind of epith | ciliated, columnar |
what is endometrium | mucosa of the uterus |
__ of oviduct has the greatest surface area | ampulla |
fetus implantation causes __ secretion | cGH |
LH functionhttp://www.studystack.com/Home.jsp?nointro | ovulation, maintainence of corpus luteum |
cGH function | maintain corpus luteum |
__ maintain corpus luteum | cGH, LH |
endometrium(mucosa) composition | mucosal epithelium (simple columnar), lamina propria |
__ layer lost after each menstrual cycle | stratum functionalis |
__ layer reatined after menstrual cycle | stratum basalis |
uterus histology | endometrium (epithe, lam prop), myometrium , visceral peritoneum |
beginning of uterine cycle | destruction of stratum functionalis of the endometrium. |
menstruation | sloughing of stratum functionalis |
when does menses occur | when levels of progesterone and estrogen drop, causing sloughing of endometrium |
proliferation phase also known as | follicular phase |
follicular phase also known as | proliferation phase |
secretory phase also known as | luteal phase |
__ causes menses | constriction of the arteries in functional zone. |
during proliferation phase, __ occurs | rebuilding of the fuctional zone, and development of follicles |
secretory phase between | ovulation, degradation of corpus luteum, |
during secretory phase __ occurs. | ovulation, arteries invading functional zone |
proliferation phase preceded by __ phase, followed by | menses, secretory phase |
which hormones play major roles in a)proliferation phase, b)secretory phase | a)estrogen b)estrogen, progesteron |
__ artery travel to basal layer of uterus | straight artery |
__ artery travel to function layer of uterus | spiral artery |
__ artery closed off due to contraction of smooth muscle during menses | spiral artery |
straight artery, spiral artery both present in | endometrium of uterus |
which female sex hormone loosens up connective tissue during end of pregnancy | estrogen |
vagina histology | stratified squamous epith (non keratinized unlike skin), lamina propria, smooth muscle. |
funtion of bacteria in vagina | produce lactic acid which restricts the growth of pathogenic organism. |
mammary gland is speciallized | apocrinesweat gland |
function of suspensory ligaments in breasts | support mass of breast |
majority of tissue in breasts | adipose tissue |
milk production stimulated by | prolactin, estrogen progesteronn |
milk ejection stimulated by | oxytocin |
oxytocin function | contract smooth muscle in lactiferous ducts, sinus, ejecting milk |
antrum found in | secondary, tertiary follicles |
In which stage of the menstrual cycle do ~20 oocytes begin to enlarge | first stage ie. follicular phase |
mucous secreting gland in female reprod system | vestibular gland |
__ becomes corona radiata | cumulus oophrous |
example of anastomoses in uterus | ovarian artery/vein join with uterine artery/vein |
scrotum analagous to | labrum majora |
testes analogous to | ovary |
bulbourethral gland analagous to | vestibular gland |
labrium major analagous to | scrotum |
ovary analagous to | testes |
vestibular gland analagous to | blubourethral gland |
__ encloses the testes | scrotum |
sperm also called | spermatozoa |
tunica vaginalis is | serosa(peritoneum) which covers the outside of each testis and lines the scrotal cavity. |
spermatic cord consists of | Ductus Deferens, Deferential artery, Pampiniform Plexus, Testicular artery |
inguinal canal links | scrotal chambers with the peritoneal cavity |
Raphe is | a line between the two testes |
dartos muscle | contraction causes wrinkling of the scrotal surface |
cremaster muscle | contraction tenses the scrotum and pulls the testes closer to the body for heat conservation |
which muscle causes wrinkling of the scrotal surface | dartos muscle |
which muscle when contracted causes testes to move closer to the core of the body | cremaster muscle |
a dense connective tissue surrounding testes | tunica albuginea |
tunica albuginea covered by | tunica vaginalis |
name membranes, muscles in order surrounding testes | testes, tunica albuginea, scrotal cavity, tunica vaginalis, cremaster muscle, scrotum(dartos muscle, skin). |
tunica vaginalis covers | tunica albuginea of testes |
between ___ and ___ there is a space called scrotal cavity | tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea |
sperm production occurs in | seminiferous tubuleq |
rete testis is | where seminiferous tubules interconnect to form a maze of passaways. |
efferent ductules | connect the rete testis to the epididymis |
maturation of sperm occurs in | epididymis |
how many tubes make up an epididymis | 1 |
stem cells of sperms called | spermatogonia |
when does mitosis of spermatogonia start | puberty |
spermatogonia becomes _ after mitosis | primary spermatocyte |
primary spermatocyte undergoes ___ and becomes __ | meiosis1, pair of secondary spermatocyte |
secondary spermatocyte undergoes __ and becomes __ | meiosis 2pair of spermatid |
a primary spermatocyte produces __ spermatid | 4 |
1 speratid matures into ___ | 1 spermatozoon |
spermatogenesis begins at outer/lumen and moves to outer/lumen | outer , lumen |
Sertoli cells function | blood-testis barrier, support of spermatogenesis, provide nutrient to spermatid |
final stage of spermatogensesis known as __ and during this stage __ occur | spermiogenesis, transform round spermatid to spermatozoan |
how does spermatid get transformed into spermatozoan | condensation of nucleus, formation of acrosome, development of flagellum |
spermatozoon has mitochondria at | midpiece |
acrosome function | breaks down zona pellucida |
what breaks down zona pellucida | acrosome |
midpiece of sperm contains | mitochondria |
at birth testes contains | spermatogonia, sertoli cell |
importance of blood-testis barrier | developing spermatozoa contain antigen not present in somatic cells. hence they would get attacked by the immune system had they been not protected within the tight junction between sertoli cells. |
interstitial cells in testes also known as | leydig cell |
leyig cell produce | testosterone |
FSH in male stimulates __ for spermatogenesis | sertoli cells |
LH in male stimulates __ | leydig cells |
how is mitosis of spermatogonia held until puberty | FSH is released after puberty and it stimulates sertoli cells which are required for spermatogenesis |
lumen of epididymis lined by | pseudostratified |
secretion from __ of male reproductory system contains clotting factors, fructose, and its fucntion is to | seminal vesicle, form bolus of semen and generate ATP |
secretion from __ breaks bolus of semen so sperms can get out | prostate gland(hydrolytic enzyme) |
what part of penis contains erectile tissue | shaft |
foreskin of penis called | prepuce |
glans of penis analogous to __ in female and it is also known as | clitoris, head of the penis |
corspus spongiosum extends to the tip of the penis and forms __ | bulb |
penile urethra surrounded by __ which is surrounded by | corpus spongiosum, corpus cavernosum |
bulb is a continuation of | corpus spongiosum |
smooth muscle of erect penis is contracted/relaxed | relaxed |
in a penis there is _ corpus spongiosum and _ corpus cavernosum | 1, 2 |
corpus spongiosum contains | penile urethra |
corpus cavernosum contains | central artery |
glands of littre function | lubricate urethra |
which gland in male reproductory system has highly amplified mucosa? (just like in ampulla of oviduct) | seminal vesicle |
seminal vesicle secretes | clotting factors, fructose |
a line between two testes is | Raphe |
sperm stored in | epididymis |
follicles that don't develop into mature follicle degenerate by a proccess called | atresia |
Created by:
honghee
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